Development and Clinical Application of a New Method for the Radioimmunoassay of Arginine Vasopressin in Human Plasma

Robertson, Gary; Mahr, Ermelinda A.; Athar, Shahid; Sinha, Tushar

doi:10.1172/jci107423

Cited by 776 publications

(328 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Animal model of Mé niè re's disease N Egami et al present in plasma cause overestimation of plasma arginine VP and partly to avoid degradation of AVP activity resulting from its short half-life, [41][42][43] it might be one of the most important reasons for the great differences in basal arginine VP concentrations observed in different laboratories. These previous experimental findings indicate that the water homeostasis of the inner ear fluid is partly regulated via the VP-AQP2 system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and functional changes in a new animal model of Ménière's disease

Egami

Kakigi

Sakamoto

et al. 2013

Laboratory Investigation

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the underlying mechanism of vertiginous attacks in Ménière's disease (MD) while obtaining insight into water homeostasis in the inner ear using a new animal model. We conducted both histopathological and functional assessment of the vestibular system in the guinea-pig. In the first experiment, all animals were maintained 1 or 4 weeks after electrocauterization of the endolymphatic sac of the left ear and were given either saline or desmopressin (vasopressin type 2 receptor agonist). The temporal bones from both ears were harvested and the extent of endolymphatic hydrops was quantitatively assessed. In the second experiment, either 1 or 4 weeks after surgery, animals were assessed for balance disorders and nystagmus after the administration of saline or desmopressin. In the first experiment, the proportion of endolymphatic space in the cochlea and the saccule was significantly greater in ears that survived for 4 weeks after surgery and were given desmopressin compared with other groups. In the second experiment, all animals that underwent surgery and were given desmopressin showed spontaneous nystagmus and balance disorder, whereas all animals that had surgery but without desmopressin administration were asymptomatic. Our animal model induced severe endolymphatic hydrops in the cochlea and the saccule, and showed episodes of balance disorder along with spontaneous nystagmus. These findings suggest that administration of desmopressin can exacerbate endolymphatic hydrops because of acute V2 (vasopressin type 2 receptor)-mediated effects, and, when combined with endolymphathic sac dysfunction, can cause temporary vestibular abnormalities that are similar to the vertiginous attacks in patients with MD. Ménière's disease (MD) is a well-known inner ear disorder characterized by symptoms including recurring attacks of vertigo typically lasting for hours, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus. Since the milestone findings on the temporal bones of MD patients, 1,2 endolymphatic hydrops (EH) has been considered as the histopathological origin of MD, as characteristic morphological changes were reported to be produced by surgical obstruction of the endolymphatic sac (ES) in guinea-pig. 3 This observation indicates that malabsorption of endolymph in the ES is one of the possible mechanisms underlying the development of EH. This experimentally induced EH has been frequently used as an animal model to investigate the pathogenesis of inner ear disorders associated with EH. In terms of vestibular function, while canal dysfunction and/or spontaneous nystagmus have been occasionally observed in this animal model, 4,5 episodes of vertiginous attack or balance disorder have only rarely been observed. 6 In other words, this model is insufficient for fully representing the common symptoms of MD.Water homeostasis of the inner ear is essential for maintaining the functions of hearing and balance. EH is considered to be the result of disruption of inner ear water homeostasis, which ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and functional changes in a new animal model of Ménière's disease

Egami

Kakigi

Sakamoto

et al. 2013

Laboratory Investigation

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“…Plasma samples were analyzed for catecholamine 17 concentrations. In a subgroup of 8 premenopausal women and 8 men (both groups aged 26Ϯ1 years), we measured plasma vasopressin 18 concentrations before and during ganglionic blockade (GB).…”

Section: Autonomic-cardiovascular Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Have Lower Tonic Autonomic Support of Arterial Blood Pressure and Less Effective Baroreflex Buffering Than Men

et al. 2005

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“…For these purposes, various kinds of extraction techniques, such as acetone, florisil, bentonite and resin methods, have been proposed. The liquid extraction by acetone is quite simple and practicable, but incapable of eliminating the non-specific interference to yield a constant result, unless the highly specific AVP antisera is used (Husain et al 1973;Robertson et al 1973). Florisil also has been used for extraction of plasma AVP, but this method requires not only a large amount of plasma (5-10 ml), but also a tedious process to readjust the pH in the final solution of the extracts (Beardwell et al 1975;Morton et al 1975;Baylis and Heath 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%