Development and Characterization of Xanthan Gum and Alginate Based Bioadhesive Film for Pycnogenol Topical Use in Wound Treatment

Abstract

Pycnogenol (PYC) is a concentrate of phenolic compounds derived from French maritime pine; its biological activity as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial suggests its use in the treatment of open wounds. A bioadhesive film, loaded with PYC, was prepared by casting, starting with a combination of two biopolymer acqueous solutions: xanthan gum (1% wt/wt) and sodium alginate (1.5% wt/wt), in a 2.5/7.5 (wt/wt) ratio. In both solutions, glycerol (10% wt/wt) was added as plasticizing agent. The film resulted in an adhesive capable to absorb a simulated wound fluid (~65% wt/wt within 1 h), therefore suitable for exuding wounds. The mechanical characterization showed that the film is deformable (elastic modulus E = 3.070 ± 0.044 MPa), suggesting adaptability to any type of surface and resistance to mechanical solicitations. PYC is released within 24 h by a sustained mechanism, achieving a maximum concentration of ~ 0.2 mg/mL, that is safe for keratinocytes, as shown by cytotoxicity studies. A concentration of 0.015 mg/mL is reached in the first 5 min after application, at which point PYC stimulates keratinocyte growth. These preliminary results suggest the use of PYC in formulations designed for topical use.

Thermo Compression of Thermoplastic Agar-Xanthan Gum-Carboxymethyl Cellulose Blend

“…The SEM images of the film's surface are shown in Figure 2. All the films have only suggestive evidence of the components mixed well without showing any phase separation but the reticulated structure may be attributed to the presence of Agar in the films [21]. The structure is devoid of any pores on the surface and shows a homogeneous compact structure, formed may be due to the strong interaction among the newly formed bonds in all the films as evident from Figure 2.…”

Evaluation of Usnea barbata (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg Extract in Canola Oil Loaded in Bioadhesive Oral Films for Potential Applications in Oral Cavity Infections and Malignancy

“…The residence time [ 41 , 42 ] also depends on the film-forming polymer and the plasticizer’s retention properties, being highly controlled by the ratio between them [ 89 ]. The disturbance of the polymer chains by including active ingredients in the matrix decreases the water content [ 90 ] and considerably influences the bioadhesive behavior. Adhesion is enhanced with increasing hydration until it reaches an optimum point.…”

Design, Characterization, and Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activities of Mucoadhesive Oral Patches Loaded with Usnea barbata (L.) F. H. Wigg Ethanol Extract F-UBE-HPMC

“…They considerably depend on the diffusivity of water into the polymer [ 87 ]. Therefore, it was proven that the disturbance of the polymer chains by including active ingredients in the matrix decreases the water content [ 88 ].…”