“…Biomaterials that are implanted in the body are exposed to body fluids containing various anions (Cl À , HC − O 3 , HP − O 4 2 ), cations (Na þ , K þ , Ca þ 2 , Mg þ 2 ), and dissolved oxygen [3][4][5]. Corrosion of the metallic implants causes the loosening of prosthesis and also the formation of free metal ions such as Fe, Ni, Cr [6]. Furthermore, high chloride content in the body fluid may cause corrosion problems in such metallic materials [7].…”