Development and Characterization of Ag₂O‐Doped ZnLB Glasses and Biological Assessment of Ag₂O–ZnLB–Hydroxyapatite Composites

Abstract

This work aims to report the preparation, physico‐chemical characterization, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility testing of novel Ag‐containing ZnO–Li2O–B2O3–HA composites, which are intended to be applied in bone tissue regenerative applications. Silver oxide (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mol%) doped ZnO–Li2O–B2O3 (Ag2O–ZLB) glasses were prepared by conventional quenching techniques. The newly developed glasses were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Raman and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, glass‐ceramic composites (Ag2O–ZnLB–HA composites) were obtained by the mixture of 2.5 wt% of each silver glass with 97.5 wt% of hydroxyapatite, and thoroughly characterized. The initial bacteria adhesion was evaluated using Escherichia coli, whereas the biocompatibility profile of these materials was assessed following the establishment of MG63 osteoblast‐like cell cultures, for 7 days. All the assayed compositions revealed a significant antibacterial activity against E. coli, at early culture time points. Moreover, osteoblastic cells revealed an adequate adhesion to all the assayed Ag2O–ZnLB–HA compositions and following, an active proliferation was established over seeded materials, throughout the culture period. No signs of cytotoxicity were attained by the assessment of cell morphology, viability, and proliferation. Furthermore, the composites containing a higher amount of silver (2 Ag2O–ZnLB–HA and 4 Ag2O–ZnLB–HA) allowed an increased cell proliferation, in comparison with control.

Natural rubber–based composites filled with bioglasses from a CaO‐SiO2‐P2O5‐Ag2O system. Effect of Ag2O concentration in the filler on composite properties

“…The preliminary results allow to assign the bands at 563, 564, and 604 to 605 cm −1 to the presence of crystalline hydroxylapatite . The bands at approximately 560 cm −1 can also be assigned to the presence of Ag─O vibration in accordance with Coelho et al The bands at 873 to 876 cm −1 and 1420 cm −1 are also indicative for the ν 2 CO 3 2− in calcite …”

“…The presence of elemental silver in such quantity is also an indication of the antibacterial properties of the investigated composites …”

“…There are many studies on the antibacterial properties of several metals and metal ion dopants used in the SiO 2 ‐CaO‐P 2 O 5 system of BG, such as Ag, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe . As the colleagues of Hench have suggested, a hydroxylapatite crystal layer will be formed over the BG surface, when the specimens are dipped into different human body fluids . Very recently, Baino et al published a profound study entitled “Bioactive sol‐gel glasses: Processing, properties, and applications.”…”

Samarium doped glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite with enhanced osteoblastic performance and antibacterial properties for bone tissue regeneration

“…F À , Mg 2+ , Na + , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , SiO 4 4À , Sr 2+ ) and its presence in the HA matrix modulates the physicochemical and biological properties of HA. [30][31][32][33] The CaO-P 2 O 5 GR-HA composites present proven improved mechanical properties and enhanced bioactivity, as shown by in vitro and in vivo studies, compared to commonly used calcium phosphate materials. [34][35][36][37][38] A great advantage of these glasses is the possibility of incorporating key ions into their structure, endowing the resulting GR-HA with specic biological features.…”

New Insight into Phase Transitions of Porous Glass-Based Ferroelectric Nanocomposites

“…The band at 872 cm −1 (taking into account the possible shift) may indicate the presence of both AgNO 3 and KNO 3 (835 cm −1 and 824 cm −1 , respectively, according to [ 38 ]). The band 1480–1476 cm −1 is associated with the presence of anions NO 3 − [ 39 ].…”