Development and characterization of a novel antiacne niosomal gel of rosmarinic acid

Abstract

The antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potential of rosemarinic acid (ROA), a naturally occurring ester of caffeic acid has been well reported. Antibacterial effect of ROA is attributed to nucleoid damage with an increase in spatial division and condensation of genetic material. ROA has been found dynamic against many human pathogenic bacterial strains but its inhibitory prospective has never been established against skin inflammations caused by Propionibacterium acne. The skin surface in acne prone areas is colonized with Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes which contribute to inflammation and acne. Resistance to current antimicrobial therapies suggested the need to explore new antimicrobial agents against acne. Present work included the preparation of ROA-loaded niosomes and their in vitro antimicrobial evaluation against P. acne and S. aureus. This work also included the development of niosomal gel of rosmarinic acid for sustained delivery to bacteria infected cells. Niosomes of rosmarinic acid were formulated by reverse phase evaporation method using different ratio of span 85 and cholesterol. The prepared formulations were evaluated for its vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, in vitro release study and antibacterial activity. In vivo study of developed formulation was conducted on Swiss albino mice in comparison with solution of plain drug and a marketed formulation of benzoyl peroxide. It was evident that niosomes are novel carrier for delivery of naturally occurring antimicrobial agents, in deeper tissues of skin. The results showed that drug-loaded niosomes dispersed in the gelling agent are an effective delivery system for treatment of acne vulgaris.

Rosmarinic acid‐loaded electrospun nanofibers: In vitro release kinetic study and bioactivity assessment

“…Although incorporation of RosA in micro/nanoparticles for biomedical and cosmetic applications were recently reported by many researchers [5,19,20,[42][43][44][45][46][47], this is the preliminary attempt to entrap RosA within a nanofibrous matrix and to study the potential of RosA-loaded nanofibers as a drug delivery system with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.…”

<p>Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Loading of Natural Plant Extracts and Their Biomedical Applications</p>

“…101 More examples of herbal loaded niosome are shown in Table 1. [102][103][104][105][106] Ethosome It is a novel liposome that defined as a soft, non-invasive lipid-based elastic vesicles ( Figure 5D) developed for topical, transdermal and systemic applications with the high efficient ability of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs and active ingredient delivery to deeper skin layers and blood circulation. 8,10 Ethosome is composed of water, certain phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylglycerol), and a relatively high concentration of alcohol (30-45%) (ethanol and isopropyl alcohol).…”

Preliminary screening of anti-inflammatory effect of phytochemicals on chemotaxis of human neutrophils

“…These compounds were assessed by the leading front method of chemotaxis to determine their effects on fMLP-induced chemotaxis of human neutrophils (Kinane et al, 1989). Other reports document anti-inflammatory potential of each one of these plant compounds (Budhiraja and Dhingra, 2014;HassanKhabbar et al, 2010;Nonose et al, 2014;Sabina et al, 2011) as well as nontoxic host effects McCrea et al, 2015).…”