Development and Application of Integrated Optical Sensors for Intense E-Field Measurement

Abstract

The measurement of intense E-fields is a fundamental need in various research areas. Integrated optical E-field sensors (IOESs) have important advantages and are potentially suitable for intense E-field detection. This paper comprehensively reviews the development and applications of several types of IOESs over the last 30 years, including the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), coupler interferometer (CI) and common path interferometer (CPI). The features of the different types of IOESs are compared, showing that the MZI has higher sensitivity, the CI has a controllable optical bias, and the CPI has better temperature stability. More specifically, the improvement work of applying IOESs to intense E-field measurement is illustrated. Finally, typical uses of IOESs in the measurement of intense E-fields are demonstrated, including application areas such as E-fields with different frequency ranges in high-voltage engineering, simulated nuclear electromagnetic pulse in high-power electromagnetic pulses, and ion-accelerating field in high-energy physics.

An integrated optical sensing system for DC E-field measurement

“…The linear polarized light in the sensor is converted to elliptical polarized type, by the phase-modulation of the E-field under test. Then the light signal is transferred to the analyzer and the photo-converter, and converted to voltage signal [5][6][7][8] .…”

“…The sensing system has been proved been reliable to measure E-field ranging from 5Hz to 100MHz in [8] and it has a dynamic range from 6-40 kV/m under AC field of 50Hz. So we calibrated it both under DC and power frequency AC field, then the results of AC can be the standard reference.…”

Simple optical transformer system for intense electric field and voltage sensing

“…Photonic-based high-voltage measurement systems -widely called OPT (optical potential transformer) systems -have garnered much attention as an alternate solution against traditional oil-insulated electrical transformers [1,2,3,4,5]. OPT systems are based on the Pockels (or EO.…”

Integrated-Optic Electric-Field Sensor Utilizing a Ti:LiNbO3Y-fed Balanced-Bridge Mach-Zehnder Interferometric Modulator With a Segmented Dipole Antenna

“…Electric-field sensors with broad, flat frequency responses are important tools for electromagnetic compatibility and interference (EMC/EMI) measurements, high-frequency electronic circuit diagnostics, medical equipment field monitoring, radiofrequency reception, and high-power microwave detection, and their importance is increasing with the progress in mobile multimedia communications [1,2]. To evaluate EMC, it is necessary to accurately evaluate the strength and distribution of the electromagnetic field surrounding the electronic equipment.…”