Development and application of a model for calculating the risk of stem and root lodging in maize

Berry, Peter; Baker, C.J.; Hatley, D.; Dong, Rui; Wang, Xingyu; Blackburn, George Alan; Miao, Yuxin; Sterling, Mark; Whyatt, J. Duncan

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2020.108037

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The promotion of seedling root formation with compound V can be beneficial as the root system of the maize plants is slow to develop both horizontally and deeply. At the same time, the rooting depth was one of the main factors in the maize root lodging occurrence, as modeling showed (Brune et al, 2018;Berry et al, 2021). Some test compounds caused the growth of seedlings' dry weight without significantly affecting the seedlings' roots and shoots' length.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Altering maize (Zea mays) seedlings’ growth and lignification processes by action of novel synthesized compounds

Lykholat

Хромых

Дідур

et al. 2021

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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Effective management of the course of crop vegetation and adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses is a prerequisite for stable grain production and requires replenishment of the arsenal of plant growth regulators. The effect of novel synthesized cage amides on maize seedlings morphogenesis has been tested. Seeds of a mid-early maize hybrid 'DN Galatea' after the pre-sowing treatment with 0.01% solutions of test compounds were grown in distilled water. The roots and shoots sections of 10-day-old maize seedlings were stained with phloroglucinol solution to reveal the lignin-containing anatomical structures. The effects of nine different test compounds, exceeding the well-known effects of the phytohormone auxin, promoted the maize seedlings’ linear growth, increased wet weight of roots and shoots, and dry biomass accumulation both in seedlings roots and shoots. Several test compounds activated the dry weight accumulation process without significantly affecting the root and shoot length. In the maize seedlings’ roots, an increase in the diameter and number of the xylem vessels was found, as well as an increase in the lignin-containing layer thickness of the endoderm cells in the root cortex. In the maize seedlings’ shoots, the test compounds caused an increase in the thickness of the lignin-containing outer layer of the seedlings’ first leaf. In general, the test compounds’ effect on seedling roots can potentially enhance root formation; increase efficiency of the roots water-conducting system and the tissues’ strength, thus reducing the likelihood of root lodging in maize plants. The effects of the test compounds revealed in the seedlings’ shoots reflect the activation of the shoots’ structure formation and may have a positive value for enhancing the strength of the plant stems and counteracting the stem lodging of the maize plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Altering maize (Zea mays) seedlings’ growth and lignification processes by action of novel synthesized compounds

Lykholat

Хромых

Дідур

et al. 2021

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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“…Lodging is a mechanically complex problem; if the wind force is balanced with the bearing force, the stem structure will not collapse. However, if the wind force is greater, the stem collapses 1 , 4 . The relationship between the wind velocity and the aerodynamic forces exerted on the crop is complex, but is believed to be roughly proportional 5 , 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-destructive high-throughput measurement of elastic-viscous properties of maize using a novel ultra-micro sensor array and numerical validation

Nakashima

Tomobe

Morigaki

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Maize is the world's most produced cereal crop, and the selection of maize cultivars with a high stem elastic modulus is an effective method to prevent cereal crop lodging. We developed an ultra-compact sensor array inspired by earthquake engineering and proposed a method for the high-throughput evaluation of the elastic modulus of maize cultivars. A natural vibration analysis based on the obtained Young’s modulus using finite element analysis (FEA) was performed and compared with the experimental results, which showed that the estimated Young’s modulus is representative of the individual Young’s modulus. FEA also showed the hotspot where the stalk was most deformed when the corn was vibrated by wind. The six tested cultivars were divided into two phenotypic groups based on the position and number of hotspots. In this study, we proposed a non-destructive high-throughput phenotyping technique for estimating the modulus of elasticity of maize stalks and successfully visualized which parts of the stalks should be improved for specific cultivars to prevent lodging.

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“…Root growth refers to the comprehensive changes in the size and morphology of the root system. The biomass allocated to the root determines the size of the root and its ability to support the shoot [27]. Root morphology plays an important role in root development and function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Solar Radiation on Dry Matter Distribution and Root Morphology of High Yielding Maize Cultivars

et al. 2022

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The root system connects the plant with the soil, which is a key factor in determining the utilization of soil resources and plant growth potential. Solar radiation can change maize shoot and root growth and affect grain formation. In this study, the effects of different solar radiation conditions on root morphology of three maize cultivars XY335, ZD958 and DH618 and their quantitative relationships were studied by conducting shading experiments. This study was conducted in maize high yield region of Qitai and Yinchuan, China, in 2018 and 2019. The planting densities were 7.5 × 104 (D1) and 12 × 104 (D2) plants ha−1. The shading levels were natural light (CK), shading 15% (S1), 30% (S2) and 50% (S3). The results showed that maize responded to the decreased solar radiation through the increase in ratio of shoot dry weight (SWR) to whole plant dry weight and the decrease in ratio of root dry weight (RWR) to whole plant dry weight. As the solar radiation decreased, the root length density (RLD), root surface area (RSA), average root diameter (ARD) and root length ratio (RLR) decreased, while the specific root length (SRL) increased. With 100 MJ m−2 decrease in solar radiation, the RWR, RLD, RSA and RLR each decreased by 1.47%, 0.5 mm cm−3,0.4 m m−2 and 0. 19 m g−1, respectively. Among the cultivars, the changes of DH618 were the fastest followed by XY335 and ZD958 but DH618 maintained the largest root system under any solar radiation condition. After the decrease of solar radiation, RWR, RLD and RLR were significantly positively correlated with the yield. This indicated that large root systems were conducive to the rapid response to decreased solar radiation and important for achieving stable and high yield. Maize cultivars with these type of root systems should be recommended to better adapt low solar radiation induced by regional variation or climate change.

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Development and application of a model for calculating the risk of stem and root lodging in maize

Cited by 27 publications

References 30 publications

Altering maize (Zea mays) seedlings’ growth and lignification processes by action of novel synthesized compounds

Altering maize (Zea mays) seedlings’ growth and lignification processes by action of novel synthesized compounds

Non-destructive high-throughput measurement of elastic-viscous properties of maize using a novel ultra-micro sensor array and numerical validation

Effects of Solar Radiation on Dry Matter Distribution and Root Morphology of High Yielding Maize Cultivars

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