Developing Lowland Rice Germplasm with Resistance to Multiple Biotic Stresses through Anther Culture in Uganda

Lamo, Jimmy; Cho, Gyoung-rae; Ininda, Jane; Dartey, Paul Kofi Ayirebi; James, Ekebu; Ekobu, Moses; Alibu, Simon; Okanya, S.; Oloka, Bonny; Otim, Michael; Asea, Godfrey; Kang, Kyung-Ho

doi:10.12719/ksia.2015.27.4.415

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Recently, successful crosses between O. glaberrima and Milyang23 ( O. sativa ) for resistance to multiple pathogens, such as RYMV, Bacterial leaf blight, Rice blast and Bacterial leaf streak, was demonstrated using anther culture techniques. Hybrids with combined resistance to these diseases were shown to be highly resistant to all four pathogens ( Lamo et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Integration Of New Breeding Techniques For Rymv Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into Natural Genetic Resistance to Rice Yellow Mottle Virus and Implications on Breeding for Durable Resistance

et al. 2021

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Rice is the main food crop for people in low- and lower-middle-income countries in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Since 1982, there has been a significant increase in the demand for rice in SSA, and its growing importance is reflected in the national strategic food security plans of several countries in the region. However, several abiotic and biotic factors undermine efforts to meet this demand. Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) caused by Solemoviridae is a major biotic factor affecting rice production and continues to be an important pathogen in SSA. To date, six pathogenic strains have been reported. RYMV infects rice plants through wounds and rice feeding vectors. Once inside the plant cells, viral genome-linked protein is required to bind to the rice translation initiation factor [eIF(iso)4G1] for a compatible interaction. The development of resistant cultivars that can interrupt this interaction is the most effective method to manage this disease. Three resistance genes are recognized to limit RYMV virulence in rice, some of which have nonsynonymous single mutations or short deletions in the core domain of eIF(iso)4G1 that impair viral host interaction. However, deployment of these resistance genes using conventional methods has proved slow and tedious. Molecular approaches are expected to be an alternative to facilitate gene introgression and/or pyramiding and rapid deployment of these resistance genes into elite cultivars. In this review, we summarize the knowledge on molecular genetics of RYMV-rice interaction, with emphasis on host plant resistance. In addition, we provide strategies for sustainable utilization of the novel resistant sources. This knowledge is expected to guide breeding programs in the development and deployment of RYMV resistant rice varieties.

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Section: Integration Of New Breeding Techniques For Rymv Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into Natural Genetic Resistance to Rice Yellow Mottle Virus and Implications on Breeding for Durable Resistance

et al. 2021

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“…In 2014, a total of 50 lines introduced from South Korea though the KAFACI were screened alongside a resistant (IR-64) and a susceptible (NERICA 1) checks. These were the breeding population from a cross of an African cultivated rice, Oryza glaberrima of Niger Delta origin and Milyang 23, a Tongil-type Korean rice variety and a total of 29 lines were resistant to rice blast [26] (Table 4).…”

Section: Rice Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigated and Rain-Fed Lowland Rice Breeding in Uganda: A Review

Lamo¹,

Ochan²,

Abebe³

et al. 2021

Cereal Grains - Volume 2

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Since introduction of rice into Uganda in 1904, improvement of the irrigated and rain-fed lowland types was undertaken to address a number of production and quality constraints in three consecutive and overlapping phases. The initial phase was achieved through evaluation of introduction, selection of promising lines and subsequent release of the selected lines for production by the farmers. In the second phase, genetic potential of traits and characteristics of interest were analyzed and used to guide selection of suitable parents for hybridization and the third phase employed genotyping approach in screening and selection of the parental lines and the segregating populations to enhance the breeding efficiency for the traits of importance. Simultaneously, the key production constraints addressed included resistance to rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV), rice blast, bacterial leaf blight and narrow leaf spot diseases as well as submergence tolerance and cold tolerance. The quality traits considered for the improvement alongside the grain yield parameters were the grain aroma, amylose content, shape and size. These interventions have resulted into release and wide adoption of seven rice varieties in Uganda besides several breeding lines which have informally diffused into different major rice production agro-ecology. Subsequently, it can be concluded that a substantially strong and functional breeding platform for rice in Uganda has been established.

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“…Milyang 23 (M23), a Korean high-yielding variety, was developed by performing an inter-subspecific cross between indica and japonica . Since M23 exhibits some desirable traits contributing to high yield, such as erect leaves, short culm length, large number of spikelets per panicle, and increased translocation of non-structural carbohydrate to sink tissues ( Nuruzzaman et al, 2000 ; Kobayashi et al, 2003 ; Takai et al, 2005 ), it has been widely used to develop a high-yielding variety as an elite donor ( Kaneda, 1986 ; Lamo et al, 2015 ). In particular, the erect plant type of M23, which is attributed to its long-wide, straight, and adaxially rolled leaves, contributes to a high canopy photosynthetic rate and high biomass production ( Kobayashi et al, 2003 ; San et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major QTLs, qARO1 and qARO9, Additively Regulate Adaxial Leaf Rolling in Rice

et al. 2021

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Moderate leaf rolling is considered optimal for the ideal plant type in rice (Oryza sativa L.), as it improves photosynthetic efficiency and, consequently, grain yield. Determining the genetic basis of leaf rolling via the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) could facilitate the development of high-yielding varieties. In this study, we identified three stable rice QTLs, qARO1, qARO5, and qARO9, which control adaxial leaf rolling in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between Tong 88-7 (T887) and Milyang 23 (M23), using high-density SNP markers. These QTLs controlled the rolling phenotype of both the flag leaf (FL) and secondary leaf (SL), and different allelic combinations of these QTLs led to a wide variation in the degree of leaf rolling. Additive gene actions of qARO1 and qARO9 on leaf rolling were observed in a backcross population. In addition, qARO1 (markers: 01id4854718 and 01asp4916781) and qARO9 (markers: 09id19650402 and 09id19740436) were successfully fine-mapped to approximately 60- and 90-kb intervals on chromosomes 1 and 9, respectively. Histological analysis of near-isogenic lines (NILs) revealed that qARO1 influences leaf thickness across the small vein, and qARO9 affects leaf thickness in the entire leaf and bulliform cell area, thus leading to adaxial leaf rolling. The results of this study advance our understanding of the genetic and molecular bases of adaxial leaf rolling, and this information can be used for the development of rice varieties with the ideal plant type.

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Developing Lowland Rice Germplasm with Resistance to Multiple Biotic Stresses through Anther Culture in Uganda

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Insights Into Natural Genetic Resistance to Rice Yellow Mottle Virus and Implications on Breeding for Durable Resistance

Insights Into Natural Genetic Resistance to Rice Yellow Mottle Virus and Implications on Breeding for Durable Resistance

Irrigated and Rain-Fed Lowland Rice Breeding in Uganda: A Review

Major QTLs, qARO1 and qARO9, Additively Regulate Adaxial Leaf Rolling in Rice

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