Developing imagery ability effectively: A guide to layered stimulus response training

Cumming, Jennifer; Cooley, Sam J.; Anuar, Nurwina; Kosteli, Maria-Christina; Quinton, Mary L.; Weibull, Fredrik; Williams, Sarah E.

doi:10.1080/21520704.2016.1205698

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Participants were provided with an overview of the protocol and height and weight were recorded to calculate BMI. Next, participants were provided with layered stimulus response training (for more details see Cumming et al, 2016) to make their imagery as clear and vivid as possible. Participants were then provided with an imagery exercise to practice reading instructions and then imaging the subsequent content to become accustomed to the format of the imagery scripts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenge and threat imagery manipulates heart rate and anxiety responses to stress

Williams

Zanten

Trotman

et al. 2017

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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This study investigated the influence of different types of mental imagery on heart rate and anxiety responses to a standard psychological stress task. Using a within-design, 25 females (M=23.24; SD=4.19) imaged three different scripts (challenge, threat, and neutral) to manipulate appraisal of a speech preparation task. Following each script, participants completed the task. Heart rate was recorded during a resting baseline prior to each imagery script and during each speech preparation task. Cognitive and somatic anxiety and self-confidence were assessed prior to the speech preparation trials, and immediately prior to each speech preparation following imagery. Following threat imagery, participants reported the speech preparation task to be significantly more stressful and threatening, and experienced lower levels of confidence and more negative interpretations of their anxiety symptoms compared with the challenge and neutral imagery conditions. Additionally, there was a significantly greater increase in heart rate following threat imagery compared with challenge and neutral imagery. Findings demonstrate that imagery can alter stress appraisal and the accompanying cardiovascular and psychological responses to standardized stress tasks. Imagery interventions, acknowledging the stressful nature of events, but emphasising feelings of efficacy and control are likely to lead to more adaptive coping.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenge and threat imagery manipulates heart rate and anxiety responses to stress

Williams

Zanten

Trotman

et al. 2017

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…This process involves first reducing the mental simulation to contain only those imagery components that the participant is able to generate with ease. The complexity and realism of the image is then gradually increased over multiple practice trials by incorporating additional participant-generated stimulus, response and meaning propositions (Lang, 1977, 1979), such as sights, sounds or feelings associated with the movement task (see Cumming et al, 2016 for guidelines on LSRT). Williams et al (2013) demonstrated that imagery interventions delivered through this method were more effective for improving golf putting performance and imagery ability in novices, compared to more traditional types of visual and motor imagery.…”

Section: Future Research Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Imagery during Action Observation: A Brief Review of Evidence, Theory and Future Research Opportunities

et al. 2016

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Motor imagery (MI) and action observation (AO) have traditionally been viewed as two separate techniques, which can both be used alongside physical practice to enhance motor learning and rehabilitation. Their independent use has largely been shown to be effective, and there is clear evidence that the two processes can elicit similar activity in the motor system. Building on these well-established findings, research has now turned to investigate the effects of their combined use. In this article, we first review the available neurophysiological and behavioral evidence for the effects of combined action observation and motor imagery (AO+MI) on motor processes. We next describe a conceptual framework for their combined use, and then discuss several areas for future research into AO+MI processes. In this review, we advocate a more integrated approach to AO+MI techniques than has previously been adopted by movement scientists and practitioners alike. We hope that this early review of an emergent body of research, along with a related set of research questions, can inspire new work in this area. We are optimistic that future research will further confirm if, how, and when this combined approach to AO+MI can be more effective in motor learning and rehabilitation settings, relative to the more traditional application of MI or AO independently.

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“…For example, a dancer may image the music of a routine (layer 1) and may further develop the image by adding a layer of the physical feelings associated with a movement (layer 2) and the emotions necessary to portray a certain character (layer 3). This process allows images to closely resemble reality, ultimately enhancing performance (Cumming et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Qualitative Investigation of Young Female Dancers’ Use of Imagery

Muir

Munroe‐Chandler

Loughead

2018

The Sport Psychologist

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Although dancers have noted using imagery to mentally rehearse a routine, understand and reinforce movement, inspire strong emotions, and lower arousal levels, this finding is specific to adult dancers, overlooking imagery use with young dancers. The current study qualitatively examined the 4 Ws of imagery use (where, when, what, and why) with female dancers 7–14 years of age. Twenty-three female dancers (Mage = 10.43, SD = 2.19) from various dance styles participated in 1 of 4 focus-group discussions. Thematic analysis revealed findings similar to those identified in the domains of both adult dance and children’s sport. There were, however, findings emerging from the current study specific to young female dancers. These findings are provided, in addition to practical implications for dance instructors.

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Developing imagery ability effectively: A guide to layered stimulus response training

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

Challenge and threat imagery manipulates heart rate and anxiety responses to stress

Challenge and threat imagery manipulates heart rate and anxiety responses to stress

Motor Imagery during Action Observation: A Brief Review of Evidence, Theory and Future Research Opportunities

A Qualitative Investigation of Young Female Dancers’ Use of Imagery

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