“…Bullough, 2005). Some studies have also reported that mentoring is more likely to direct to constructive outcomes where mentors obtain reward and/or some other form of enticement or acknowledgement for their work (Abell et al,1995;Evans & Abbott, 1997;Simpson et al,2007); where it takes place in environments which are comparatively free from extreme emphases on externally resolute aims and agendas such as narrow criteria for teaching practices (Edwards, 1998;Gay & Stephenson, 1998;Yusko & Feiman Nemser, 2008); where mentors are involved in the plan and assessment of and are devoted to, the broader (ITP, orientation or early professional development) programs of which mentoring is a part (Evans & Abbott, 1997); and where such programs are coherent and not characterized by 'fragmentation' (Goodlad, 1990) between various (e.g. school-based and university-based) contributors (Hascher, et al, 2008).…”