2005
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2003.09.012
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Developing and validating a multidimensional nonprofit brand orientation scale

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Cited by 176 publications
(214 citation statements)
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References 48 publications
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“…Unlike past research that has argued that brand orientation is positively associated with firm performance (e.g., Baumgarth, 2010;Ewing & Napoli, 2005;Gromark & Melin, 2011;Napoli, 2006), findings from this study suggest that brand orientation on its own is not directly associated with sales performance. One way to explain this surprising result is that brand orientation, like any other strategic orientation, constitutes costs to firms as it can be expensive to build brands.…”
Section: Theoretical Implicationscontrasting
confidence: 99%
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“…Unlike past research that has argued that brand orientation is positively associated with firm performance (e.g., Baumgarth, 2010;Ewing & Napoli, 2005;Gromark & Melin, 2011;Napoli, 2006), findings from this study suggest that brand orientation on its own is not directly associated with sales performance. One way to explain this surprising result is that brand orientation, like any other strategic orientation, constitutes costs to firms as it can be expensive to build brands.…”
Section: Theoretical Implicationscontrasting
confidence: 99%
“…In reaction to this potential financial benefit of brand orientation, studies have focused on discovering and explaining how firms can develop their brand orientation levels (e.g., Baumgarth, 2010;Ewing & Napoli, 2005;Hankinson, 2001;Napoli, 2006;Mulyanegara, 2011;Schmidt & Baumgarth, 2014;Simoes & Dibb, 2001;Urde, 1994;Wong & Merrilees, 2005). Empirical studies examining how brand orientation impacts performance have primarily been descriptive (e.g., Baumgarth, 2009;Keller, Dato-on, & Shaw, 2010) and directed at understanding linear associations (e.g., Gromark & Melin, 2011).…”
Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Satisfaction of stakeholder expectations results from an organization's ability "to generate market intelligence, disseminate information to relevant organizational members and then use them to develop services and products". This dimension is an indicator of a nonprofit organization's ability to perceive stakeholders' brand attitudes and feelings successfully (Ewing and Napoli, 2005).…”
Section: Brand Orientationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…After studying a summary of each organization's goals and activities, following purposive classification which can be used in the researches were done by researchers (Jacobs & Glass 2002;Ewing & Napoli, 2005;Balabanis et. al., 1997;Hou, 2009): 1.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%