“…According to research in private services industry (Bordian et al, 2023;Gonz alez-Mansilla et al, 2019;Prebensen and Xie, 2017), customers are more satisfied when they participate in value cocreation activities. Customers of public services, such as healthcare (Fusco et al, 2023;Terkelsen et al, 2022), local government (Bentzen, 2022;Larsen and Caswell, 2022) and higher education (Bovill, 2020;Cavallone et al, 2021;Goi et al, 2022), have also been found to be more satisfied as a result of engaging in value co-creation behaviour.…”