Deuterium Fractionation as Water Diffuses into Silicic Volcanic Ash

Friedman, Irving; Gleason, Jim D.; Sheppard, Richard A.; Gude, Arthur J.

doi:10.1029/gm078p0321

Cited by 30 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…7). These fi ndings provide additional support for the conclusions of Friedman et al (1993a) and others that volcanic glass preserves the δD of ancient meteoric waters and does not exchange further once the glass is saturated (within 3-5 ka; Shane and Ingraham, 2002).…”

Section: Paleotopography Of the Sierra Nevada And Western Basin And Rsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Figure 7 shows the reconstructed Oligocene sample locations, and, for comparison, δD of modern meteoric waters (see also Table 2). Glass values are offset from the δD of hydration waters due to an isotopic fractionation of ~30‰ at surface temperatures and pressure as water is incorporated into the glass structure (Friedman et al, 1993a;Friedman et al, 1993b).…”

Section: The Western Basin and Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Cenozoic volcanic glass has been used as a proxy for paleoprecipitation in a number of isotopic studies, few have thoroughly studied the reliability of this approach (e.g., Friedman et al, 1993a;Shane and Ingraham, 2002;Mulch et al, 2008). Meteoric waters in Oligocene volcanic glass display an increase in δD at 100-150 km that is not present in the trend of δD of modern meteoric waters: the amount of offset from modern values is signifi cantly different to the east of the slope break at ~100 km (Fig.…”

Section: Paleotopography Of the Sierra Nevada And Western Basin And Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Cenozoic topography, morphology, and tectonics of the northern Sierra Nevada and western Basin and Range

et al. 2012

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Debate surrounds the origin, uplift, and evolution of the northern Sierra Nevada and western Basin and Range. The studies presented here integrate different scales of observation, from local paleovalley morphology, estimation of local slopes, and braided stream alluvial architecture, to regional assessments of sediment and volcanic provenance and paleoelevations across the proposed ancestral Sierra Nevada-Nevadaplano to gain a better understanding of early Cenozoic topography, morphology, and landscape evolution of the region, and to assess the possible tectonic and climatic drivers for that evolution. Results from sedimentologic analysis of Eocene fl uvial deposits show diachronous, localized paleovalley incision and braided stream aggradation in a system infl uenced by Eocene climate, eustasy, and Laramide tectonism, and suggest that previous estimates of the timing and amount of range uplift based on paleochannel gradients may be invalid. Overlying Oligocene ignimbrites deposited in the Sierra Nevada were geochemically and geochronologically correlated to sources in central Nevada, and results from this work show that ignimbrites traveled over 200 km from their source calderas across what is now the crest of the Sierra Nevada, and that in the Oligocene, no drainage divide existed between Nevada source calderas and sample locations 200 km west. Hydrated volcanic glass from these units was used as a proxy for the isotopic composition (δD) of Oligocene meteoric water, which refl ects the effect of ancient topography on precipitation. δD decreases from west to east across the Sierra Nevada by ~48‰, which is similar to the isotopic gradient of precipitation over the area today. δD across Nevada decreases at a signifi cantly lower gradient, refl ecting a signifi cant reduction in the rate of increase of paleoelevation with distance, and may refl ect a gradual increase in mean elevation from west to east or partially closed system hydrology. This multidisciplinary approach provides both a detailed reconstruction of the evolution of the ancestral Sierra Nevada drainage system from Eocene to Oligocene time and multiple lines of evidence to support the conclusion that the northern Sierra Nevada likely acted as the steep western fl ank of a gradually sloping high-elevation plateau ("Nevadaplano") in the Oligocene. Miocene to Holocene extension lowered elevations across what is now the Basin and Range, possibly associated with gravitational spreading of overthickened, magmatically and radiogenically heated crust.

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Section: Paleotopography Of the Sierra Nevada And Western Basin And Rsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: The Western Basin and Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Paleotopography Of the Sierra Nevada And Western Basin And Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Cenozoic topography, morphology, and tectonics of the northern Sierra Nevada and western Basin and Range

et al. 2012

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“…We reconstruct ancient water values (Table 2) using a waterglass fractionation factor (α water-glass ) of 1.0342, which Friedman et al (1993) established experimentally, and confi rmed empirically. Dettinger and Quade (this volume) studied the δD composition of modern water and Quaternary-age glass in the eastern Andes.…”

Section: Isotopic Results and Implications From Volcanic Glassmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…1), the Fraile and Arizaro Basins, span the entire period roughly 40 Ma to present. Glass from 10 tuffs in the Fraile Basin yielded average δD values of −120‰ ± 14‰ (1σ), and water δD values of −90‰ ± 14‰ using the water-glass fractionation factor from Friedman et al (1993). U-Pb dating of zircons from some of these tuffs reveals an age that ranges from 38.4 to 19.2 Ma (Table 4).…”

Section: Western Puna Plateau: Salars De Fraile and Arizaromentioning

confidence: 99%

The growth of the central Andes, 22°S–26°S

Quade

Dettinger

Carrapa

et al. 2015

Geodynamics of a Cordilleran Orogenic System: The Central Andes of Argentina and Northern Chile

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We synthesize geologic observations with new isotopic evidence for the timing and magnitude of uplift for the central Andes between 22°S and 26°S since the Paleocene. To estimate paleoelevations, we used the stable isotopic composition of carbonates and volcanic glass, combined with another paleoelevation indicator for the central Andes: the distribution of evaporites. Paleoelevation reconstruction using clumped isotope paleothermometry failed due to resetting during burial. The Andes at this latitude rose and broadened eastward in three stages during the Cenozoic. The fi rst, in what is broadly termed the "Incaic" orogeny, ended by the late Eocene, when magmatism and deformation had elevated to ≥4 km the bulk (~50%) of what is now the western and central Andes. The second stage witnessed the gradual building of the easternmost Puna and Eastern Cordillera, starting with deformation as early as 38 Ma, to >3 km by no later than 15 Ma. The proximal portions

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Uplift of the Central Andes of NW Argentina associated with upper crustal shortening, revealed by multiproxy isotopic analyses

et al. 2014

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This study contributes to the uplift history of the Andes, which has received increasing attention in recent years because of its implications for geodynamic models and climate feedbacks. Shortening resulting in crustal thickening and removal of gravitationally unstable mantle lithosphere has been proposed to control deformation and uplift of Cordillera-type orogenic systems such as the Puna Plateau of the central Andes and its eastern margin, the Eastern Cordillera. We present new clumped isotope (Δ 47 ), δ 18 O, and δ 2 Η data from carbonate nodules, marlstone, spring deposits, and volcanic ashes from the Puna Plateau and Eastern Cordillera of NW Argentina. When combined with other geological evidence, our data indicate that the Puna Plateau was near its present elevation since at least~10 Ma, whereas the Eastern Cordillera rosẽ 1.5 km between~14 and~7 Ma. This history of uplift correlates with active shortening in the Eastern Cordillera and with incorporation of a regional foreland into the propagating orogenic wedge. Our study suggests that the elevation of the Puna Plateau changed little during the Miocene-Pliocene, whereas the margin experienced significant uplift associated with active deformation and crustal thickening.

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Deuterium Fractionation as Water Diffuses into Silicic Volcanic Ash

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

Early Cenozoic topography, morphology, and tectonics of the northern Sierra Nevada and western Basin and Range

Early Cenozoic topography, morphology, and tectonics of the northern Sierra Nevada and western Basin and Range

The growth of the central Andes, 22°S–26°S

Uplift of the Central Andes of NW Argentina associated with upper crustal shortening, revealed by multiproxy isotopic analyses

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