Detoxification enzymes associated with insecticide resistance in laboratory strains of Anopheles arabiensis of different geographic origin

Nardini, Luisa; Christian, Riann; Coetzer, Nanette; Ranson, Hilary; Coetzee, Maureen; Koekemoer, Lizette L.

doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-113

Cited by 68 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…The PBO exposure data support previous analyses implicating monooxygenasemediated detoxification as the primary mode of pyrethroid resistance in An. arabiensis at Mamfene, 7,17,18 because PBO enhances insecticide toxicity by providing an alternative substrate for monooxygenases. PBO pre-exposure assays can therefore be used to elucidate monooxygenasebased resistance mechanisms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in Mamfene, KwaZulu-Natal

Brooke¹,

Robertson²,

Kaiser³

et al. 2015

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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The control of malaria vector mosquitoes in South Africa’s affected provinces is primarily based on indoor spraying of long-lasting residual insecticides. The primary vectors in South Africa are Anopheles arabiensis and An. funestus. South Africa’s National Malaria Control Programme has adopted a malaria elimination agenda and has scaled up vector control activities accordingly. However, despite these plans, local transmission continues and is most likely because of outdoor feeding by populations of An. arabiensis. An outdoor Anopheles surveillance system has been set up in three sections of the Mamfene district in northern KwaZulu- Natal in order to assess the extent of outdoor resting An. arabiensis in Mamfene and to assess the current insecticide susceptibility status of this population. According to WHO criteria, the An. arabiensis samples tested showed evidence of resistance to deltamethrin (pyrethroid), DDT (organochlorine) and bendiocarb (carbamate), and full susceptibility to the organophosphates pirimiphos-methyl and fenitrothion. Pre-exposure to piperonyl butoxide completely nullified the deltamethrin resistance otherwise evident in these samples, supporting previous studies implicating monooxygenase-based detoxification as the primary mechanism of pyrethroid resistance. The data presented here affirm the presence of pyrethroid and DDT resistance previously detected in this population and also indicate the comparatively recent emergence of resistance to the carbamate insecticide bendiocarb. These data show that special attention and commitment needs to be given to the principles of insecticide resistance management as well as to investigations into alternative control techniques designed to target outdoor-resting An. arabiensis in northern KwaZulu-Natal.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in Mamfene, KwaZulu-Natal

Brooke¹,

Robertson²,

Kaiser³

et al. 2015

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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“…Insecticide exposures were conducted on multiple strains of pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes, including the major malaria vectors Anopheles arabiensis (27)(28)(29), Anopheles funestus (30,31), and Anopheles gambiae s.s. (32, 33) with well-defined mechanisms and levels of resistance, using standard WHO resistance assays with 0.05% deltamethrin papers (Fig. S1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic coating enhances bioavailability of insecticides and breaks pyrethroid resistance in mosquitoes

Andriessen

Snetselaar

Suer

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Insecticide resistance poses a significant and increasing threat to the control of malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases. We present a novel method of insecticide application based on netting treated with an electrostatic coating that binds insecticidal particles through polarity. Electrostatic netting can hold small amounts of insecticides effectively and results in enhanced bioavailability upon contact by the insect. Six pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles mosquito strains from across Africa were exposed to similar concentrations of deltamethrin on electrostatic netting or a standard longlasting deltamethrin-coated bednet (PermaNet 2.0). Standard WHO exposure bioassays showed that electrostatic netting induced significantly higher mortality rates than the PermaNet, thereby effectively breaking mosquito resistance. Electrostatic netting also induced high mortality in resistant mosquito strains when a 15-fold lower dose of deltamethrin was applied and when the exposure time was reduced to only 5 s. Because different types of particles adhere to electrostatic netting, it is also possible to apply nonpyrethroid insecticides. Three insecticide classes were effective against strains of Aedes and Culex mosquitoes, demonstrating that electrostatic netting can be used to deploy a wide range of active insecticides against all major groups of disease-transmitting mosquitoes. Promising applications include the use of electrostatic coating on walls or eave curtains and in trapping/ contamination devices. We conclude that application of electrostatically adhered particles boosts the efficacy of WHO-recommended insecticides even against resistant mosquitoes. This innovative technique has potential to support the use of unconventional insecticide classes or combinations thereof, potentially offering a significant step forward in managing insecticide resistance in vector-control operations.electrostatic coating | insecticide | resistance management | mosquito | malaria

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“…[21,41] Microarray analysis of a DDT and pyrethroidresistant laboratory colony, which was established using wild-caught material from Mamfene, revealed over-transcription of 20 genes associated with the DDT/pyrethroid resistance phenotype. [42] Most of these genes are monooxygenases and glutathione s-transferases. It is interesting to note that although no knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations have ever been recorded in wild An.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Association analyses revealed that DDT and permethrin resistance in this laboratory colony is closely linked to the L1014F mutation while deltamethrin resistance is primarily based on enzyme detoxification. [42] …”

Section: Mechanisms Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria vector control in South Africa

et al. 2013

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Malaria vector control is primarily insecticide based and relies on indoor residual spraying (IRS) and the distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated bednets (LLINs). These interventions have generally proved effective where appropriately implemented. However, the increasing incidence of insecticide resistance in target vector populations can, and in several cases already has, undermined the effectiveness of IRS and LLINs. Today there are very few localities on the African continent where populations of vector mosquitoes are still susceptible to the approved classes of insecticides. If elimination is to be achieved, SA needs to invest more resources into malaria control.

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Detoxification enzymes associated with insecticide resistance in laboratory strains of Anopheles arabiensis of different geographic origin

Cited by 68 publications

References 57 publications

Insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in Mamfene, KwaZulu-Natal

Insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in Mamfene, KwaZulu-Natal

Electrostatic coating enhances bioavailability of insecticides and breaks pyrethroid resistance in mosquitoes

Malaria vector control in South Africa

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