Detonation Characteristics of New Aluminized Enhanced Blast Composites

Maiz, Lotfi; Trzciński, W. A.

doi:10.1002/prep.201800094

Cited by 14 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…For the Al-RDX systems, there is a large body of work dedicated to the RDX decomposition catalyzed by Al. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] For example, Hou et al 23 studied the influence of nano-Al on the thermal decomposition of RDX and showed that Al nanoparticles decrease the peak decomposition temperature, the activation energy and the critical explosive temperature of RDX. Zhu et al 14 It remains challenging to experimentally reveal the thermal decay mechanism of EMs, in particular, on the molecular/atomic level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Al and Al₂O₃ Nanoparticles on the Thermal Decay of 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX): Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

et al. 2019

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Metallic additives, Al nanoparticles in particular, have extensively been used in energetic materials (EMs), of which thermal decomposition is one of the most basic properties. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism for the highly active Al nanoparticles and their oxidized counterparts, the Al2O3 nanoparticles, influencing the thermal decay of aluminized EMs has not fully been understood. Herein, we explore the influence of Al and Al2O3 nanoparticles on the thermal decomposition of 1,3,5trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX), one of the most common EMs, based on large-scale reactive force field molecular dynamics simulations within three heating schemes (constant-temperature, programmed and adiabatic heating). The presence of Al nanoparticles significantly reduces the induction time and energy required to activate the RDX decay, and greatly increases energy release. The fundamental reason for these results is that Al changes the primary decay pathway from the unimolecular N-NO2 scission of RDX to bimolecular barrier-free or low-barrier Al-involved reactions, and possesses a strong O-extraction capability and a moderate one to react with C/H/N. It is also responsible for the growth of the Al-contained clusters. And Al2O3 nanoparticles can also demonstrate such catalysis capability but contribute less to the enhancement of energy release. Moreover, the detailed evolutions of key thermodynamic properties, intermediate and final gaseous products, and Al-contained products are also presented. Besides, under the programmed heating and adiabatic heating conditions the catalysis of the Al and Al2O3 nanoparticles becomes more distinct. Thereby, many properties of aluminized EMs are expected to well be understood by our simulation results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Al and Al₂O₃ Nanoparticles on the Thermal Decay of 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX): Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

et al. 2019

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“…Next, the cylindrical charges were uniaxially pressed in a steel mold with desired geometries under a pressure of 240 MPa. The densities (1 0 ) of the obtained charges ranged from 1.98 to 2.04 g/cm 3 . The morphology of molding powders was imaged by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Explosive Samples Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aluminized explosives have been widely used in ammunitions due to their high blast and incendiary effects [1]. The aluminum powders in explosives react with detonation products and environmental gases to release large amounts of heat, which increases the heat of detonation and damage to the target [2][3][4]. On the one hand, higher performance has always been a prime requirement in the field of research and development of explosives and the quest for the most powerful high explosives still continues and never ends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally Stable and Low‐Sensitive Aluminized Explosives with Improved Detonation Performance

Tan

Song

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Two new types of aluminized explosives TATB/ HMX/Al and LLM-105/Al were formulated and compared with the formerly reported TATB/Al explosives in terms of thermal stability, mechanical sensitivity, and detonation performance. Firstly, the heat of the explosion was measured and two formulations were selected as the investigated samples. Next the thermal stability was studied by simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) and thermal cook-off tests. Then the impact and friction sensitivity were measured, and finally the detonation performance was characterized by cylinder tests and particle velocity measurements of the detonation reaction zone. From the calorimetric data, the new types of explosives increase the heat of the explosion significantly. In terms of thermal stability, LLM-105/Al = 65/ 30 is more stable than TATB/HMX/Al = 50/15/30, but both of them are inferior to TATB/Al = 70/25. The impact sensitivity of the two new explosives is higher than that of TATB/Al = 70/25, and all of the samples are insensitive to friction. For detonation performance, both of the two new samples are superior to TATB/Al = 70/25, and LLM-105/Al = 65/30 exhibits the best performance that it has the highest Gurney energy, detonation velocity, and detonation pressure. Conclusions about how to use those aluminized explosives to generate optimal effects are drawn.

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“…The resulting debris combusts and can generate overpressure and produce incendiary effects within confined spaces. Aluminum powders have long been studied as a primary ingredient for reactive materials due to their high enthalpies of combustion [1–6], and are frequently combined with other metal powders to alter the mechanical or chemical properties. Several authors have also explored mixing or milling the powders with polymer binders, such as PTFE [7–10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Release and Fragmentation of Brittle Aluminum Reactive Material Cases

Kline

Mason

Hooper

2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Cylindrical reactive material cases produced by the consolidation of an aluminum powder were tested via explosive launch in a closed chamber. One configuration measured the quasistatic overpressure generated by the case and explosive, and two further tests focused on soft‐catch of fragments before and after striking the chamber walls. On a volumetric basis, the reactive material cases produced two to three times the combustion energy of an aluminum 6061 alloy case or a bare nitromethane explosive that was tested as comparisons. The metal combustion primarily occurs after case fragments impact the walls. Increasing the reactive material case thickness produces a higher pressure but lower combustion efficiency per unit mass, despite producing comparable or slightly more fine fragments on a per gram basis. Though the brittle, pressed aluminum cases have low toughness and tensile strength, recovered fragment patterns show a range of fragment sizes up to 1 mm, with approximately one‐third of the mass below 100 μm.

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Detonation Characteristics of New Aluminized Enhanced Blast Composites

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Influence of Al and Al₂O₃ Nanoparticles on the Thermal Decay of 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX): Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Influence of Al and Al₂O₃ Nanoparticles on the Thermal Decay of 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX): Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Thermally Stable and Low‐Sensitive Aluminized Explosives with Improved Detonation Performance

Energy Release and Fragmentation of Brittle Aluminum Reactive Material Cases

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Detonation Characteristics of New Aluminized Enhanced Blast Composites

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Influence of Al and Al2O3 Nanoparticles on the Thermal Decay of 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX): Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Influence of Al and Al2O3 Nanoparticles on the Thermal Decay of 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX): Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Thermally Stable and Low‐Sensitive Aluminized Explosives with Improved Detonation Performance

Energy Release and Fragmentation of Brittle Aluminum Reactive Material Cases

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Product

Resources

About

Influence of Al and Al₂O₃ Nanoparticles on the Thermal Decay of 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX): Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Influence of Al and Al₂O₃ Nanoparticles on the Thermal Decay of 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX): Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations