Determining the Possible Effect of Diabetes on the Nutritional Status of Hemodialysis Patients

Abstract

Objective: Failure to maintain blood sugar control over a long period of time in diabetic patients may cause impairment of kidney functions. In addition to uremic symptoms, impaired glucose metabolism causes difficulties in obtaining adequate nutrition. The aim of this study is to determine the possible impact of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on the nutritional status of hemodialysis (HD) patients.Methods: Patients between the ages of 18-65 who received HD treatment regularly were included in this study. A demographic characteristics questionnaire was applied to the patients and two 24-hour food recall records were obtained. The patient's height, dry weight and fluid gain were taken from their files.Results: This study was conducted with a total of 275 HD patients, 33.1% with and 66.9% without diabetes. The median values of dietary energy (18.2 kcal/kg), carbohydrate (2.1 g/kg), protein (46.2 g/kg) and fat (0.7 g/kg) intake of the non-diabetic group was found to be higher (p<0.05). The median of BMI was found higher in the T2DM group than the non-diabetic group (p<0.05). A weak positive correlation was found between the duration of HD (years) and carbohydrate intake in patients with T2DM (p<0.05) and a very weak positive correlation between the hemoglobin levels and duration of hemodialysis in the non-diabetic group (p<0.05).Conclusions: In this study, it was determined that although HD patients with T2DM have less energy intake, their BMI was higher; in addition, over time, a decrease in dietary compliance triggers a deterioration in biochemical parameters.