Determining the impact of urban components on land surface temperature of Istanbul by using remote sensing indices

Abstract

For the past 60 years, Istanbul has been experiencing an accelerated urban expansion. This urban expansion is leading to the replacement of natural surfaces by various artificial materials. This situation has a critical impact on the environment due to the alteration of heat energy balance. In this study, the effect upon the urban heat island (UHI) of Istanbul was analyzed using 2009 dated Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data. An Index Based Built-up Index (IBI) was used to derive artificial surfaces in the study area. To produce the IBI index, Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Built-up Index, and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index were calculated. Land surface temperature (LST) distribution was derived from Landsat 5 TM images using a mono-window algorithm. In addition, 24 transects were selected, and different regression models were applied to explore the correlation between LST and IBI index. The results show that artificial surfaces have a positive exponential relationship with LST rather than a simple linear one. An ecological evaluation index of the region was calculated to explore the impact of both the vegetated land and the artificial surfaces on the UHI. Therefore, the quantitative relationship of urban components (artificial surfaces, vegetation, and water) and LST was examined using multivariate statistical analysis, and the correlation coefficient was obtained as 0.829. This suggested that the areas with a high rate of urbanization will accelerate the rise of LST and UHI in Istanbul.

Assessing the Link between Human Modification and Changes in Land Surface Temperature in Hainan, China Using Image Archives from Google Earth Engine

“…Sahana et al investigated the temperature response to land use/land cover using Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI data and observed that increase in non-evaporating surfaces and decrease in vegetation had increased the surface temperature in Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India [22]. Moreover, artificial urban surfaces have been found to have a positive exponential relationship with LST [23]. Quantitative evidence of the effects of land use change on the LST has also been documented [24].…”

Downscaling Land Surface Temperature from MODIS Dataset with Random Forest Approach over Alpine Vegetated Areas

“…One of the key possibilities provided by satellite instruments is data acquisition in the thermal infrared (TIR) domain, from which land surface thermal conditions are derived [1][2][3]. Land surface temperature (LST) retrieved from remote sensing data at different scales is an essential variable in environmental research studies, e.g., in agricultural management [4][5][6][7], in urban heat island assessment [8][9][10][11][12], for evapotranspiration (ET) modelling [13][14][15][16][17][18] and drought monitoring [5,6,19].…”

Urban Imperviousness Effects on Summer Surface Temperatures Nearby Residential Buildings in Different Urban Zones of Parma

“…While it is well understood that imperviousness increases surface temperatures [17,50,51] and that the impervious percentage accounts for most of the LST variation in urban areas [15,18,52,53], very little is known about the situation nearby residential buildings, especially when different urban zones are considered. The knowledge of how the surface temperature nearby residential buildings varies based on the surrounding imperviousness density is very important information that assumes further interest in this study where significant ST_BTFA differences between densely urban and park/rural areas were observed, also revealing different dynamics during daytime and nighttime.…”