Determining the impact of some wood characteristics on the performance of a mobile chipper

Spinelli, Raffaele; Magagnotti, Natascia; Paletto, Giuseppe; Preti, Christian

doi:10.14214/sf.33

Cited by 75 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Chipper type, knife wear, screen settings, and wood characteristics all influence the specific fuel consumption during chipping, but this was set at 3.2 L t d −1 , in accordance with the findings of [41].…”

Section: Chippingmentioning

confidence: 77%

Systems Analysis of Ten Supply Chains for Whole Tree Chips

Belbo¹,

Talbot²

2014

Forests

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Whole trees from energy thinnings constitute one of many forest fuel sources, yet ten widely applied supply chains could be defined for this feedstock alone. These ten represent only a subset of the real possibilities, as felling method was held constant and only a single market (combustion of whole tree chips) was considered. Stages included in-field, roadside landing, terminal, and conversion plant, and biomass states at each of these included loose whole trees, bundled whole trees or chipped material. Assumptions on prices, performances, and conversion rates were based on field trials and published literature in similar boreal forest conditions. The economic outcome was calculated on the basis of production, handling, treatment and storage costs and losses. Outcomes were tested for robustness on a range of object volumes (50-350 m 3 solid ), extraction distances (50-550 m) and transport distances (10-70 km) using simulation across a set of discrete values. Transport was calculated for both a standard 19.5 m and an extended 24 m timber truck. Results showed that the most expensive chain (roadside bundling, roadside storage, terminal storage and delivery using a 19.5 m timber truck) at 158 € t d −1 was 23% more costly than the cheapest chain (roadside chipping and direct transport to conversion plant with container truck), at 128 € t d −1 . Outcomes vary at specific object volumes and transport distances, highlighting the need to verify assumptions, although standard deviations around mean supply costs for each chain were small (6%-9%). Losses at all stages were modelled, with the largest losses (23) occurring in the chains including bundles. The study makes all methods and assumptions explicit and can assist the procurement manager in understanding the mechanisms at work. OPEN ACCESSForests 2014, 5 2085

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Section: Chippingmentioning

confidence: 77%

Systems Analysis of Ten Supply Chains for Whole Tree Chips

Belbo¹,

Talbot²

2014

Forests

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“…Data on the chipper was obtained from the ecoinvent database (Werner et al, 2007) and was modified using data from Spinelli et al (2011). The productivity of the chipper was assumed to be 27.4 tonnes per hour with an associated fuel consumption of 1.68 l per tonne.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy requirements and environmental impacts associated with the production of short rotation willow (Salix sp.) chip in Ireland

2013

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Willow Salix sp. is currently cultivated as a short rotation forestry crop in Ireland as a source of biomass to contribute to renewable energy goals. The aim of this study is to evaluate the energy requirements and environmental impacts associated with willow (Salix sp.) cultivation, harvest, and transport using life cycle assessment (LCA). In this study, only emissions from the production of the willow chip are included, end-use emissions from combustion are not considered. In this LCA study, three impact categories are considered; acidification potential, eutrophication potential and global warming potential. In addition, the cumulative energy demand and energy ratio of the system are evaluated. The results identify three key processes in the production chain which contribute most to all impact categories considered; maintenance, harvest and transportation of the crop. Sensitivity analysis on the type of fertilizers used, harvesting technologies and transport distances highlights the effects of these management techniques on overall system performance. Replacement of synthetic fertilizer with biosolids results in a reduction in overall energy demand, but raises acidification potential, eutrophication potential and global warming potential. Rod harvesting compares unfavourably in comparison with direct chip harvesting in each of the impact categories considered due to the additional chipping step required. The results show that dedicated truck transport is preferable to tractor-trailer transport in terms of energy demand and environmental impacts. Finally, willow chip production compares favourably with coal provision in terms of energy ratio and global warming potential, while achieving a higher energy ratio than peat provision but also a higher global warming potential.

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“…Furthermore, comminution may offer additional benefits in terms of increased load density and improved handling quality [8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of Woodchips for Energy from Forestry and Agroforestry Production

et al. 2012

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Abstract:We set out to determine the particle-size distribution, the fiber, the bark and the leaves content, the heating value, the CNH and the ash content of a wide sample of wood chips, collected from 10 forestry and 10 agroforestry production sources. This sampling focused on two main production types: forestry (Full Tree System-FTS-and logging residues-LR) and agroforestry (Short Rotation Coppice-SRC). For the forestry production wood chips from coniferous and broadleaf species were considered. For the agroforestry production wood chips from poplar plantations were examined (different clones with two different harvesting intervals). Overall, we collected 400 samples. Particle size distribution was determined with an automatic screening device on 200 samples. The higher heating value was determined on 200 subsamples using an adiabatic bomb calorimeter. The CNH and the ash content was ascertained on another 200 subsamples. FTS and SRC (with three year old sprouts) offered the best quality, with high fiber content (71%-80%), favorable particle-size distribution and good energetic parameters. On the contrary, both logging residues and SRC (with two year old sprouts) presented a high bark content (18%-27%) and occasionally a mediocre particle-size distribution, being often too rich in fines (6%-12%), but the energetic parameters are in the normal range. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2012, 5 3804

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Determining the impact of some wood characteristics on the performance of a mobile chipper

Cited by 75 publications

References 23 publications

Systems Analysis of Ten Supply Chains for Whole Tree Chips

Systems Analysis of Ten Supply Chains for Whole Tree Chips

Energy requirements and environmental impacts associated with the production of short rotation willow (Salix sp.) chip in Ireland

Characterization of Woodchips for Energy from Forestry and Agroforestry Production

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