Determining Produced Water Originating Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in North Sea Waters: Comparison of Sampling Techniques

Utvik, Toril I. Røe; Durell, Gregory S.; Johnsen, Ståle

doi:10.1016/s0025-326x(99)00122-8

Cited by 69 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In this study 226 Ra ranged from <0.016 to 10.9 Bq L -1 and 228 Ra from <0.032 to 10.5 Bq L -1 which is similar to a previous study in Campos Basin, where the levels of these radionuclides ranged from 0.012 to 6.0 Bq L -1 for 226 Ra and from <0.05 to 12.0 Bq L -1 for 228 Ra (Vegueria et al 2002). Brazilian PW exhibits the same radioisotope levels as those reported elsewhere (E&P Forum 1994;Utvik 1999;Lysebo and Strand 1998;Guzella et al 1996).…”

Section: Inorganic Constituentssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…These compounds occur naturally in oil and will partition into produced water depending on their molecular weight. Data for Brazilian PW are similar to those for the North Sea (Utvik 1999). Phenols with heteroatoms (nitro and chlorophenols) have never been detected in Brazilian PW.…”

Section: Organic Constituentssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Ninety-one percent of all PAH were composed by two and three-ring aromatic compounds that include naphthalenes, phenanthrenes and dibenzothiophenes (NPD), and the more condensated PAH (4-6 rings) comprise only 2.71%. This was the pattern for all the Brazilian PW analysed and is common worldwide (Terrens and Tait 1996; Utvik et al 1999;Neff 2002;Durell et al 2006;OGP 2005OGP , 2002E&P Forum 1994).…”

Section: Results Of Studysupporting

confidence: 56%

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Evaluation of Produced Water from Brazilian Offshore Platforms

et al. 2011

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Chemistry and toxicity of produced water (PW) from offshore platforms operated by Petrobras in Brazil were investigated. Three studies -PW monitoring, detailed composition and temporal variability -were conducted during 1996, 2001 and 2006 Median chronic toxicity using Lytechinus variegatus showed a NOEC = 1.3%. These results for Brazilian PW are similar to those for the North Sea, Gulf of Mexico, Australia and other regions of the world. Dispersion plumes modelled using CORMIX and CHEMMAP predicted that PW can be diluted rapidly after discharge and that permissible levels for all chemical parameters in seawater cited in the Brazilian Resolution CONAMA 357/05 are attained within 500 m of the discharge point. Over 10 years (1998-2010) of monitoring in the vicinity of the Brazilian platforms did not show alterations in sea water quality, supporting the predictions of the dispersion plume modelling. Despite no observed alteration in seawater quality around oil and gas production platforms, the authors recognize the importance of continuous evaluation of the impact of PW discharges from a risk assessment perspective, and studies of bioaccumulation and the use of biomarkers, among other initiatives currently implemented by Petrobras in areas with large volumes of PW discharge. Up to and including 2011, Petrobras remains the major producer of oil and gas in Brazil and the total discharge of produced water by the country is essentially the volume that is discharged by offshore Petrobras operations. In 2005, the average total volume of PW discharged offshore on the Brazilian coast was 73 million m 3 /year, representing less than 3% PW discharged onto other oceans worldwide.

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Section: Inorganic Constituentssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Organic Constituentssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Results Of Studysupporting

confidence: 56%

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Evaluation of Produced Water from Brazilian Offshore Platforms

et al. 2011

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“…The first subgroup contains BaP, BkF, and BghiP, which are the high molecular weight PAHs with 5-6 rings, usually detected in pyrogenic sources, for example, combustion of biomass, coal, wood, and petroleum. The second subgroup consists of Flu and Phe, which are 3-ring PAHs, from petrogenic sources mainly caused by petroleum spills, for example, fresh or used crankcase oil, crude, and fuel oil [57][58][59][60][61]. The results indicate the first group is mixed pyrogenic sources and petroleum sources.…”

Section: Source Estimates From Cluster Analysismentioning

confidence: 93%

Source and Ecological Risk Characteristics of PAHs in Sediments from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China

Zhao

Qin

Cao

et al. 2017

Journal of Chemistry

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In order to investigate the residual characteristics, sources, and ecological risk of PAHs in sediment from urban rivers, the sediments of 15 typical sites from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, which are typical urban rivers and lake, were collected from October 2015 to July 2016; the sources of PAHs in sediment were also identified by several methods. Results showed that ∑PAHs concentration in sediment ranged from 796.2 ng/g to 10,470 ng/g with an average of 2,713.8 ng/g. High molecular weight PAHs with 4-5 rings were most prominent in the sediment during all four seasons. Source characterization studies based on the analysis of diagnostic ratio (triangular plot method), cluster analysis, and positive factor matrix analysis suggested that the PAHs of Qinhuai River Basin were mainly from pyrogenic origin (biomass and coal combustion and vehicular emission), and the petroleum source also cannot be ignored (specially in summer). Most individual PAHs occasionally affect the aquatic organisms. The highest benzo[a]pyreneequivalent doses (BaP eq dose) appear at the sites of sewage discharge and heavy traffic. So, the PAHs pollution sources of urban water body have obvious seasonal-dependent and human activities-dependent characteristics.

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“…Invertebrate filter feeders, such as Mytilus spp., are highly efficient accumulators and bioconcentrators of PAHs and therefore commonly used [54,[106][107][108]. Total amounts of the EPA 16 PAHs between 10 µg/kg and 20 µg/kg, have been found in mussels caged in the vicinity of Norwegian platforms [48,54,109]. Fish and other invertebrates, rapidly biotransform PAHs and their presence in tissues is low and no representative of the overall contamination.…”

Section: Environmental Monitoring Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons a Constituent of Petroleum: Presence and Influence in the Aquatic Environment

Pampanin¹,

Sydnes²

2013

Hydrocarbon

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Determining Produced Water Originating Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in North Sea Waters: Comparison of Sampling Techniques

Cited by 69 publications

References 14 publications

Evaluation of Produced Water from Brazilian Offshore Platforms

Evaluation of Produced Water from Brazilian Offshore Platforms

Source and Ecological Risk Characteristics of PAHs in Sediments from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons a Constituent of Petroleum: Presence and Influence in the Aquatic Environment

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