Determining normal values of urinary phosphorus excretion in 3913 healthy children aged 2–18 to aid early diagnosis and treatment for urolithiasis

Taranta-Janusz, Katarzyna; Łabieniec, Łukasz; Porowski, Tadeusz; Szymański, K.; Porowska, Halina; Wasilewska, Anna

doi:10.1111/apa.13856

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Urinary P/Cr excretion was close to that of the Lebanese [ 29 ] and Iranian [ 10 ] children, but lower than that of children living in Florida [ 50 ]. In line with others, P/Cr ratio excretion was independent of sex [ 10 , 21 , 29 ], though a higher P/Cr excretion among boys was reported by some [ 7 ]. Moreover, the observed decline in P/Cr excretion with age was similar to other findings from Lebanon [ 29 ], Iran [ 10 ], Switzerland [ 13 ] and Spain [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Therefore, imbalances in the status of these minerals, whether due to dietary intake, body retention or excretion, can be multifactorial, but their presence indicates possible metabolic anomalies. The kidneys, with other organs and hormones, play an important role in the homeostasis of Ca, Mg, P, fluoride, and iodine [ 1 , 5 , 7 , 8 ]. Hence, urinary excretion is a good reflector and indicator of the status of these minerals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urinary minerals excretion among primary schoolchildren in Dubai—United Arab Emirates

et al. 2021

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Introduction Urinary excretion of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), iodine and fluoride is used to assess their statuses and/or the existence of metabolic abnormalities. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the urinary concentration of these minerals among children have not been documented. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study, including 593 subjects (232 boys and 361 girls), was conducted among healthy 6 to 11-year-old Emirati children living in Dubai. Non-fasting morning urine samples and anthropometrical measurements were collected and analyzed. Results were expressed as per mg of creatinine (Cr). Results On average, estimated Cr excretion was 17.88±3.12 mg/kg/d. Mean urinary Ca/Cr, Mg/Cr and P/Cr excretions were 0.08±0.07 mg/mg, 0.09±0.04 mg/mg, and 0.57±0.26 mg/mg respectively. Urinary excretion of Ca, Mg and P were found to decrease as age increased. Urinary excretion and predicted intake of fluoride were lower than 0.05 mg/kg body weight per day. Surprisingly, more than 50% of the children were found to have urinary iodine excretion level above adequate. Conclusion The Emirati schoolchildren had comparable levels of urinary Ca, Mg and P excretion to other countries. The 95% percentile allows the use of the current data as a reference value for the detection of mineral abnormalities. Fluoride excretion implies that Emirati children are at low risk of fluorosis. The level of urinary iodine excretion is slightly higher than recommended and requires close monitoring of the process of salt iodization to avoid the harmful impact of iodine overconsumption.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary minerals excretion among primary schoolchildren in Dubai—United Arab Emirates

et al. 2021

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“…Recent evidence suggests that adolescents and young females have the highest P demands due to rapid bone growth presumably [22]. Furthermore, age-associated decline in serum P levels also reflects alternation of renal tubular P reabsorption, which was confirmed by results that the median of urinary P excretion in healthy children aged 2–<18 ascended with age [30]. Like the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS), intervals of serum electrolytes were relatively narrow with small fluctuations, consistent with the concept that electrolytes have stable feedback mechanisms throughout life [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Establishment and Verification of Sex- and Age-Specific Serum Electrolyte Reference Intervals in Healthy Han Children in Changchun, Northeastern China

Zhou

Jia

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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For lack of feasible interval values from population differences and potential analytical discrepancies, it is essential to ascertain potassium (K), sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) ions reference intervals within Chinese children to fill the gap. Healthy children (n = 1391, 2–<15 years old) were recruited from communities and schools to establish sex- and age-specific serum electrolyte reference intervals of Han children in Changchun, China. Levels of serum K, Na, Cl, Ca, and P were measured using a Hitachi 7600-210 automatic biochemical analyzer. Reference intervals were established according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute EP28-A3c guidelines. Data from five representative hospitals located across Changchun were used to verify pediatric serum electrolyte reference intervals. Values were different from adult reference intervals in China. There were sex-specific differences in Na, Cl, Ca, and P reference intervals in 13-<14 children. Serum Na, Cl, and Ca reference intervals showed stable trends within early age groups but fluctuated in teens. Each serum electrolyte had ≤3 age-specific reference intervals. Five laboratories suggested reference intervals were applicable across Changchun.

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“…This peak is also mostly due to the phosphate groups. In a previous study conducted with children of age 12 to 18, increased phosphate excretion was positively correlated with aging [34]. However, the existence of a similar correlation for a wider age group still remains an open question.…”

Section: Age-dependent Variations In Urine Spectrummentioning

confidence: 90%

Urine analysis using FTIR spectroscopy: A study on healthy adults and children

Sarıgül

Kurultak

Gökçeoğlu

et al. 2021

Journal of Biophotonics

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Urine spectra from 108 healthy volunteers are studied by attenuated total refraction-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The spectral features are correlated with observable urine components. The variation of spectra within a healthy population is quantified and a library of reference spectra is constructed. Using the band assignments, these spectra are compared with both age-wise and gender-wise. Children show the least intensity variations compared to both adult groups. Young adults show the highest variation, particularly in the 1650 to 1400 cm −1 and 1200 to 900 cm −1 regions. These results indicate the importance of the size of the control group in comparative studies utilizing FTIR. Age-wise comparisons reveal that phosphate and sulfate excretion decreases with age, and that the variance of phosphate among individuals is higher with adults. As for gender-wise comparisons, females show a slightly higher citrate content at 1390 cm −1 regardless of the age and they show a higher variance in the 1200 to 1000 cm −1 region when compared to men.

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Determining normal values of urinary phosphorus excretion in 3913 healthy children aged 2–18 to aid early diagnosis and treatment for urolithiasis

Abstract: This was the largest study of urinary phosphate excretion based on a randomly selected sample of girls and boys aged 2-18 years. It highlights the importance of determining phosphorus reference values for children of different ages to provide early diagnosis and treatment for urolithiasis.

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Urinary minerals excretion among primary schoolchildren in Dubai—United Arab Emirates

Urinary minerals excretion among primary schoolchildren in Dubai—United Arab Emirates

Establishment and Verification of Sex- and Age-Specific Serum Electrolyte Reference Intervals in Healthy Han Children in Changchun, Northeastern China

Urine analysis using FTIR spectroscopy: A study on healthy adults and children

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