Determining elemental strontium distribution in rat bones treated with strontium ranelate and strontium citrate using 2D micro‐XRF and 3D dual energy K‐edge subtraction synchrotron imaging

Cardenas, Daniel Arturo; Turyanskaya, Anna; Rauwolf, Mirjam; Panahifar, Arash; Cooper, David M.L.; Wohl, Gregory R.; Streli, Christina; Wobrauschek, P.; Pejović‐Milić, Ana

doi:10.1002/xrs.3127

“…115 Previously, strontium was mapped using 2D micro-XRF and 3D dual energy K-edge subtraction in humeral heads of rats and results showed heterogeneous deposition of strontium throughout the humerus with significant deposition at the epiphyseal plate. 116 This suggests that there is substantial deposition in regions of bone formation, which could also be the case for La.…”

Section: Spatial Mapping Of Bone La Distributionmentioning

confidence: 92%

In vivo detection of lanthanum via x-ray fluorescence

Nguyen¹

2023

Preprint

0

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Phosphate binding drugs are crucial in reducing blood phosphate concentrations in individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to prevent hyperphosphatemia. While many phosphate binding drugs exist, lanthanum carbonate [La2(CO3)3, LaC] has been reported to be better tolerated than previously used calcium- and aluminum-based phosphate binders. However, since large doses ranging up to 3750 mg LaC/day is orally administered to ESRD patients, concerns have been raised as to whether chronic exposure to lanthanum (La) may lead to La toxicity on bone health. In this thesis, a robust x-ray fluorescence (XRF) detection system was developed and can be potentially used to non-invasively measure La in ESRD patients. The first step in testing the feasibility of the system was by measuring La in a series of bone mimicking hydroxyapatite phantoms doped with known concentrations of La. The sensitivity of the detection system was evaluated by investigating the minimum detection limit of the system. Initially a 90° irradiation-detection geometry was utilized but was deemed inadequate for in vivo measurements due to challenges in experimental reproducibility. Therefore, a 180° backscatter irradiation-detection geometry was adopted for all subsequent measurements. Since it is anticipated that the developed XRF system will be used clinically to measure bone La concentrations in the ESRD population who are administered LaC, interpatient variability such as amount of overlying tissue thickness at the measurement site, bone size and subject-source movement will affect the intensity of the La x-ray signal. Therefore, a coherent normalization correction procedure was investigated to determine whether these factors could be accounted to allow the true value of the bone La concentration to be estimated during in vivo measurements involving living subjects. In addition, a dosimetry study was performed to determine the radiation dose delivered to a participant during a 2000 s XRF measurement. Lastly, since literature data on the natural accumulation of La in bone from the environment and diet is limited, an ex vivo study was performed on 10 excised human cadavers obtained from deceased donors with no previous exposure to La. Based on these studies, this dissertation presents the development of an XRF system that is robust, safe and has the potential to determine in vivo bone La concentrations in the ESRD population who are orally administered LaC.

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“…115 Previously, strontium was mapped using 2D micro-XRF and 3D dual energy K-edge subtraction in humeral heads of rats and results showed heterogeneous deposition of strontium throughout the humerus with significant deposition at the epiphyseal plate. 116 This suggests that there is substantial deposition in regions of bone formation, which could also be the case for La.…”

Section: Spatial Mapping Of Bone La Distributionmentioning

confidence: 92%

In vivo detection of lanthanum via x-ray fluorescence

Nguyen¹

2023

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phosphate binding drugs are crucial in reducing blood phosphate concentrations in individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to prevent hyperphosphatemia. While many phosphate binding drugs exist, lanthanum carbonate [La2(CO3)3, LaC] has been reported to be better tolerated than previously used calcium- and aluminum-based phosphate binders. However, since large doses ranging up to 3750 mg LaC/day is orally administered to ESRD patients, concerns have been raised as to whether chronic exposure to lanthanum (La) may lead to La toxicity on bone health. In this thesis, a robust x-ray fluorescence (XRF) detection system was developed and can be potentially used to non-invasively measure La in ESRD patients. The first step in testing the feasibility of the system was by measuring La in a series of bone mimicking hydroxyapatite phantoms doped with known concentrations of La. The sensitivity of the detection system was evaluated by investigating the minimum detection limit of the system. Initially a 90° irradiation-detection geometry was utilized but was deemed inadequate for in vivo measurements due to challenges in experimental reproducibility. Therefore, a 180° backscatter irradiation-detection geometry was adopted for all subsequent measurements. Since it is anticipated that the developed XRF system will be used clinically to measure bone La concentrations in the ESRD population who are administered LaC, interpatient variability such as amount of overlying tissue thickness at the measurement site, bone size and subject-source movement will affect the intensity of the La x-ray signal. Therefore, a coherent normalization correction procedure was investigated to determine whether these factors could be accounted to allow the true value of the bone La concentration to be estimated during in vivo measurements involving living subjects. In addition, a dosimetry study was performed to determine the radiation dose delivered to a participant during a 2000 s XRF measurement. Lastly, since literature data on the natural accumulation of La in bone from the environment and diet is limited, an ex vivo study was performed on 10 excised human cadavers obtained from deceased donors with no previous exposure to La. Based on these studies, this dissertation presents the development of an XRF system that is robust, safe and has the potential to determine in vivo bone La concentrations in the ESRD population who are orally administered LaC.

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“…Strontium nanoparticles (Sr-NPs) are spherical or flake metal particles with a specific surface area of 30-60 m 2 /g in a size range of 10-200 nm. Sr-NPs are used either in bone regeneration to improve the mechanical and biological properties of diverse polymers and metal alloys [171,172] or encapsulated as inorganic nanocarriers in drug delivery and biomedical imaging [173,174].…”

Section: Strontium Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials in Bone Regeneration

Babuška

¹

,

Kasi

²

,

Chocholata

³

et al. 2022

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Nanomaterials are promising in the development of innovative therapeutic options that include tissue and organ replacement, as well as bone repair and regeneration. The expansion of new nanoscaled biomaterials is based on progress in the field of nanotechnologies, material sciences, and biomedicine. In recent decades, nanomaterial systems have bridged the line between the synthetic and natural worlds, leading to the emergence of a new science called nanomaterial design for biological applications. Nanomaterials replicating bone properties and providing unique functions help in bone tissue engineering. This review article is focused on nanomaterials utilized in or being explored for the purpose of bone repair and regeneration. After a brief overview of bone biology, including a description of bone cells, matrix, and development, nanostructured materials and different types of nanoparticles are discussed in detail.

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Determining elemental strontium distribution in rat bones treated with strontium ranelate and strontium citrate using 2D micro‐XRF and 3D dual energy K‐edge subtraction synchrotron imaging

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

In vivo detection of lanthanum via x-ray fluorescence

In vivo detection of lanthanum via x-ray fluorescence

In vivo detection of lanthanum via x-ray fluorescence

Nanomaterials in Bone Regeneration

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