Determinations of some Trace and Heavy Metals in Rat Lenses after Tobacco Smoke Exposure and their Relationships to Lens Injury

Avunduk, Avni Murat; Yardimci, Serdar; Avunduk, Mustafa Cihad; Kurnaz, M. Levent; Koçkar, Muhammed Cem

doi:10.1006/exer.1997.0344

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Accumulation of hydroxyl radical or ferryl ion may contribute to cataractogenesis [14,15]. Previous studies showed an increased iron level in cataractous lenses [2,[15][16][17][18]. There was also a significant amount of iron accumulation in cataractous lenses in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

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Nickel, Chromium, Manganese, Iron and Aluminum Levels in Human Cataractous and Normal Lenses

Çekıç

Bardak²,

Totan³

et al. 1999

Ophthalmic Res

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Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used to detect lenticular nickel, chromium, manganese, iron and aluminum levels in 37 senile cataractous and 9 normal human lenses. The nuclear parts of the lenses were used for the study in both groups. It was found that the concentrations of nickel and iron were significantly higher, and those of chromium, manganese and aluminum were significantly lower in human cataractous lenses than those in normal human lenses. None of the elements showed a significant difference according to sex in both groups. As remarkable differences in chromium, manganese, iron, aluminum and nickel levels exist in cataractous lenses, all the five elements may play some roles in cataractogenesis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Fe 2+ can contribute in the latter reaction. Accumulation of hydroxyl radical or ferryl ion may contribute to cataractogenesis [14,15]. Previous studies showed an increased iron level in cataractous lenses [2,[15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nickel, Chromium, Manganese, Iron and Aluminum Levels in Human Cataractous and Normal Lenses

Çekıç

Bardak²,

Totan³

et al. 1999

Ophthalmic Res

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“…Several studies have indicated that biomass fuel smoke condensate enhance the formation of super-oxide radicals (38–40) increasing the risk of cataract, as does exposure to naphthalene and formaldehyde that are emitted during biomass fuel combustion (41, 42). Smoke from indoor air pollution can deplete antioxidants like plasma ascorbate, carotenoids, and glutathione and enhance formation of free radicals, which increase the risk of cataract (43–45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease burden due to biomass cooking-fuel-related household air pollution among women in India

Sehgal

Rizwan

Krishnan

2014

Global Health Action

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BackgroundHousehold air pollution (HAP) due to biomass cooking fuel use is an important risk factor for a range of diseases, especially among adult women who are primary cooks, in India. About 80% of rural households in India use biomass fuel for cooking. The aim of this study is to estimate the attributable cases (AC) for four major diseases/conditions associated with biomass cooking fuel use among adult Indian women.MethodsWe used the population attributable fraction (PAF) method to calculate the AC of chronic bronchitis, tuberculosis (TB), cataract, and stillbirths due to exposure to biomass cooking fuel. A number of data sources were accessed to obtain population totals and disease prevalence rates. A meta-analysis was conducted to obtain adjusted pooled odds ratios (ORs) for strength of association. Using this, PAF and AC were calculated using a standard formula. Results were presented as number of AC and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsThe fixed effects pooled OR obtained from the meta-analysis were 2.37 (95% CI: 1.59, 3.54) for chronic bronchitis, 2.33 (1.65, 3.28) for TB, 2.16 (1.42, 3.26) for cataract, and 1.26 (1.12, 1.43) for stillbirths. PAF varied across conditions being maximum (53%) for chronic bronchitis in rural areas and least (1%) for cataract in older age and urban areas. About 2.4 (95% CI: 1.4, 3.1) of 5.6 m cases of chronic bronchitis, 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) of 0.76 m cases of TB, 5.0 (2.8, 6.7) of 51.4 m cases of cataract among adult Indian women and 0.02 (0.01, 0.03) of 0.15 m stillbirths across India are attributable to HAP due to biomass cooking fuel. These estimates should be cautiously interpreted in the light of limitations discussed which relate to exposure assessment, exposure characterization, and age-specific prevalence of disease.ConclusionsHAP due to biomass fuel has diverse and major impacts on women’s health in India. Although challenging, incorporating the agenda of universal clean fuel access or cleaner technology within the broader framework of rural development will go a long way in reducing disease burden.

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“…Investigations into the presence of metal ions in the aqueous humour showed that Fe and Cu ions accumulate in cigarette smokers (Christen et al 1992;Hankinson et al 1992b;Avunduk et al 1997;Celuc, 1998), supporting the findings of many epidemiological studies that smoking is a strong risk factor for cataract (West et al 1989;Christen et al 1992;Hanlunson et al 1992b;West, 1992). Further in vivo experiments will have to be carried out to investigate the extent to which a pro-oxidant effect of vitamin C can be expected.…”

Section: Pro-oxidant Effects?mentioning

confidence: 73%

A possible role for vitamin C in age-related cataract

Pols

1999

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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While many experimental studies have shown a protective effect of vitamin C in age-related cataract, other studies have revealed contrasting roles for this nutrient. Oxidative damage in the lens can be prevented by vitamin C. However, a pro-oxidant effect of vitamin C through H2O2 generation has been suggested. Vitamin C has also been shown to play a role in protein glycation, which is observed in cataract formation. A protective effect of dietary energy restriction appears to be inversely related to plasma vitamin C levels in rodents. Moreover, conclusions from human epidemiological and intervention studies are not uniform. The available evidence suggests that maintenance of sufficient plasma vitamin C is needed to prevent oxidative damage in the lens. More research will be needed in order to confirm the relative importance of the different roles of vitamin C in the eye lens.

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Determinations of some Trace and Heavy Metals in Rat Lenses after Tobacco Smoke Exposure and their Relationships to Lens Injury

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Nickel, Chromium, Manganese, Iron and Aluminum Levels in Human Cataractous and Normal Lenses

Nickel, Chromium, Manganese, Iron and Aluminum Levels in Human Cataractous and Normal Lenses

Disease burden due to biomass cooking-fuel-related household air pollution among women in India

A possible role for vitamin C in age-related cataract

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