Determination of237Np in environmental samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Kim, Chang-Kyu; Takaku, Akito; Yamamoto, Masayoshi; Kawamura, Hisao; Shiraishi, Kunio; Igarashi, Yasuhito; Igarashi, S.; Takayama, Hiromi; Ikeda, Nagao

doi:10.1007/bf02060985

Cited by 47 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Kim et al 73 have demonstrated good agreement between methods for determining neptunium-237 in nonsaline sediments, based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, neutron activation analysis and α-spectrometry. See also Section 7.55.…”

Section: Neptuniummentioning

confidence: 99%

Metals in Sediments

Crompton

2015

Determination of Metals in Natural Waters, Sediments and Soils

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Section: Neptuniummentioning

confidence: 99%

Metals in Sediments

Crompton

2015

Determination of Metals in Natural Waters, Sediments and Soils

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“…99 Tc with a long half-life of 2.14 × 10 5 y and relatively high fission yield can be found in the environment and it is important to explore the distribution and behavior of 99 Tc in the environment. The conventional methods [45,46] including the liquid scintillation counting method [47] has several disadvantages and therefore inductively coupled plasma -mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), can be used for the determination of most of the elements including long-lived radionuclides [48][49][50][51][52][53]. The post-irradiation examination of nuclear fuels gives knowledge of the inventories of actinides, fission and neutron activation products within irradiated fuels.…”

Section: Applications In Nuclear Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry: A Boon to Nuclear Industry

Ramkumar¹

2014

J Anal Bioanal Tech

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What is Mass Spectrometry?Mass spectrometry is analytical instrument which has been used for more than a century with its initial work on mass charge ratio being carried out by W. Wien, J.J. Thomson, and other physicists [1]. Mass Spectroscopy is an analytical laboratory technique to separate the components of a sample by their mass. The sample is vaporized into a gas and then ionized. The ions are then accelerated through a potential difference and focused into a beam. The ion beam passes through a magnetic field which bends the charged stream. Lighter components or components with more ionic charge will deflect in the field more than heavier or less charged components. A detector counts the number of ions at different deflections and the data can be plotted as a 'spectrum' of different masses. Therefore it is clear that mass spectrometer performs a simple measurement that of mass. The earlier work in the measurement of mass had led to the discovery of isotopes and it was in the 1930s that these measurements were correlated to the chemical structures and therefore were used extensively for biological applications for the characterization of natural products. Further progress in the field of mass spectrometry including isotopic labeling methods, hyphenated techniques and softer ionization methods made it an ideal tool for the analysis of macromolecules [2]. With the various fields that employ mass spectrometry growing in number, nuclear industry is also an important area wherein applications of mass spectrometry exist. Chronological Development in Mass spectrometryThe earliest mass spectrometry was in 1897 with the discovery of electrons made by J.J.Thomson. Around 1919, the observation studies of isotopes using mass spectrometry were carried out by F.W. Aston created a mass spectrometer in which ions were dispersed by mass and focused by velocity. This design improved the mass spectrometer resolving power by an order of magnitude compared to that achieved by AbstractMass spectrometry is a versatile technique that is used for the determination of elements at the trace and ultratrace level along with the isotope ratios. The accuracy in the quantification of isotope ratios of radionuclides is essential for environmental monitoring, migration studies, dating, determination of burn-up of fuel, nuclear material accounting and radioactive waste control. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is advantageous due to its outstanding sensitivity, precision and good accuracy for isotope ratio measurements and enhanced figures of merit for the determination of isotope ratio measurements. These advantages can be enhanced by various other variations of ICP-MS like the use of a multiple ion collector device (MC-ICP-MS). The review gives an idea of the various applications in the nuclear field and touches upon some of the important elements used in nuclear industry.

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“…In fact there is a considerable literature on RNAA of 237Np in radioecological studies [1,[9][10][11]; using preconcentration Kim et al [10] were able to determine it at fallout levels in soil. The first report on 230Th seems to be that of Kathren et al [12,13], but their work involved spiking biological matrices with 23~ and attempting to determine it by INAA.…”

Section: Naa For Long-lived Alpha Emitters Including 231pamentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of neutron activation analysis in determination of natural and man-made radionuclides, including PA-231

Byrne

Benedik

1999

Czech J Phys

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Neutron activation analysis (NAA), being essentially an isotopic and not an elemental method of analysis, is capable of determining a number of important radionuclides of radioecological interest by transformation into another, more easily quantifiable radionuclide. The nuclear characteristics which favour this technique may be summarized in an advantage factor relative to radiometric analysis of the original radioanalyte. Well known or hardly known examples include 235U, 238U, 232Th, 23~ 129I, 99Tc, 237Np and 231pa; a number of these are discussed and illustrated in analysis of real samples of environmental and biological origin. In particular, determination of 231pa by RNAA was performed using both postirradiation and preseparation methods. Application of INAA to enable the use of 238U and 232Th as endogenous (internal) radiotracers in alpha spectrometric analyses of uranium and thorium radioisotopes in radioecological studies is described, also allowing independent data sets to be obtained for quality control.

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Determination of237Np in environmental samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Cited by 47 publications

References 21 publications

Metals in Sediments

Metals in Sediments

Mass Spectrometry: A Boon to Nuclear Industry

Applications of neutron activation analysis in determination of natural and man-made radionuclides, including PA-231

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