Determination of water by liquid chromatography using conductometric detection

Stevens, Tim; Chritz, Karen; Small, Hamish

doi:10.1021/ac00140a028

Cited by 17 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…Water has been separated chromatographically via an ionexclusion mechanism using conductivity detection (11). Recently, Fortier and Fritz (12) and Chen and Fritz (13,14) developed a liquid Chromatographie method for the determination of water that combines separation by ion-exclusion chromatography with a novel and sensitive spectrophotometric method of detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid chromatographic method for determination of water in soils

Benz

Tabatabai

Fritz

1993

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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A simple, rapid, and sensitive liquid Chromatographic (LC) method for the determination of water in soils was developed. In this method, water is extracted from soil with anhydrous methanol and injected into an LC system including a cation-exchange column in the H form. The eluent is 1.0 mM transcinnamaldehyde in acetonitrile-methanol (40:60). The detection scheme is based on the effect of water on the equilibrium established when trans-cinnamaldehyde and methanol react in the H + column to form cinnamaldehyde dimethylacetal and water. The equilibrium of the reaction is shifted towards the trans-cinnamaldehyde (absorbs strongly at the detection wavelength, 300 nm) when water is introduced into the column. The extent of the shift and the resulting change in absorbance at 300 nm are proportional to the amount of water present.Application of the method to a wide range of soils and of clay minerals containing from 0.7 to 25% water showed that the results of the LC method 1849 1850 BENZ, TAB ATABAI, AND FRITZ agreed closely with those of the gravimetric method. The LC method is accurate, precise, relatively free from interference, requires a small sample size, and gives a linear calibration graph over approximately three orders of magnitude of water concentrations. A single operator can perform approximately 80 analyses in a normal working day.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid chromatographic method for determination of water in soils

Benz

Tabatabai

Fritz

1993

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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Ion‐Exclusion Chromatography

Fritz

Gjerde

2000

Ion Chromatography

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Ion‐Exclusion Chromatography

2009

Ion Chromatography

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Ion-exclusion chromatography (IEC) has developed into a very useful technique for separating relatively small weak acids (carbonic acid, carboxylic acids, hydrocarboxylic acids, etc.), weak bases (ammonia, amines) and hydrophilic molecular species such as carbohydrates and the lower alcohols. The analytical method actually involves the separation of molecular species rather than ions. Of course, ions can often be readily converted into molecular species as when anions of weak acids are acidified. The rationale for including IEC in a book on ion chromatography seems to be that a cation-exchange resin, or occasionally an anion-exchange resin, has generally been used for IEC separations. Also, it has become customary to include IEC in symposia and books devoted to ion chromatography.Ion-exclusion chromatography is a comparatively old technique, attributed primarily to Wheaton and Bauman [1]. Ionic material is rejected by cation-or anionexchange resin and passes through quickly, but non-ionic substances are held up and come through more slowly. Substances that can be separated include weak organic and inorganic acids, weak organic and inorganic bases, and hydrophilic neutral compounds such as sugars.The resin bed consists of three parts: 1. A solid resin network 2. Occluded liquid within the resin beads 3. The mobile liquid between the resin beads.The ion-exchange resin acts as a semipermeable membrane between the two aqueous phases, (2) and (3). Ionized sample solutes are excluded from the interior water (2) and pass quickly through the column. Nonionic materials are not excluded and they partition between the two water phases, (2) and (3). Thus, they pass more slowly through the column. Nonionic solutes differ in their degree of retardation by the resin phase because of: (i) differing polar attraction between the solute and resin functional groups, (ii) differing van der Waals forces between the solutes and the hydrocarbon portion of the resin.Ion Chromatography, 4th Ed. James S. Fritz and Douglas T. Gjerde

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Determination of water by liquid chromatography using conductometric detection

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Liquid chromatographic method for determination of water in soils

Liquid chromatographic method for determination of water in soils

Ion‐Exclusion Chromatography

Ion‐Exclusion Chromatography

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