Determination of volume self-diffusivities in ultrafine-grained metals using neutron reflectometry

Chakravarty, S.; Hüger, Erwin; Schmidt, Harald; Horisberger, M.; Stahn, J.; Lalla, N. P.

doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.08.035

Cited by 17 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The intensity of Bragg reflection in PNR measurements as a function of annealing temperature can be used to estimate diffusion constants [26][27][28]. With the growth of interface alloy due to mixing caused by annealing, the Bragg peak due to the periodicity of the multilayers become less intense because of loss in contrast.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After each anneal, the reflectivity pattern of a sample gives a snapshot of the kinetics of alloying. One can use the following relation between intensity ratio of the Bragg peaks before and after annealing with the diffusion constant at the temperature of annealing and the duration of annealing (t) to estimate the diffusion constant [26][27][28]:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stoichiometry dependent inter diffusion and structural evolution in Al–Ni multilayer

Swain

Singh

Basu

et al. 2015

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stoichiometry dependent inter diffusion and structural evolution in Al–Ni multilayer

Swain

Singh

Basu

et al. 2015

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…Self-diffusion is a fundamental matter transport process in solids, playing a dominant role in the preparation, processing, and application of various materials. 1 The determination of self-diffusivities on very short length scales of ∼1 nm is important to understand the transport properties of nanostructured 2 and metastable materials 3,4 as well as of thin films, 5,6 especially at low temperatures. 7 Neutron reflectometry (NR) is a reliable method to measure diffusion length on the (sub)nanometer scale, as demonstrated for metallic, 2,6 intermetallic, 10,11 semiconducting, 7,9 and ceramic [3][4][5] thin films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to carry out NR-based experiments, so-called isotope heterostructures of the material under investigation are used, [2][3][4][5][6][7] which are deposited by sputtering or molecular beam epitaxy on appropriate substrates [see Fig. 1(a)].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusivity determination in bulk materials on nanometric length scales using neutron reflectometry

et al. 2012

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An approach based on neutron reflectometry and isotope heterostructures is presented in order to determine self-diffusivities in bulk materials on small length scales of 1-10 nm. The method is demonstrated for lithium self-diffusion in LiNbO 3 single crystals at low temperatures of 200 and 250 • C using 6 LiNbO 3 (amorphous film)/ nat LiNbO 3 (single crystal) structures for analysis. Lithium diffusivities are derived from neutron reflectivity patterns in good agreement with results obtained by secondary ion mass spectrometry on the same type of samples but on larger length scales up to 90 nm, as given in literature. In addition, neutron reflectivity simulations were performed in order to investigate the influence of diffusion length and scattering length density on the quality of the results. The limitation of the method is discussed.

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“…Due to the detection of very small diffusion lengths of 1 nm and below 19, 20, this method allows to measure low diffusivities down to 10 −25 m 2 s −1 . This was recently demonstrated for various types of materials 21–26, including epitaxial Germanium 20. The detection of very low diffusivities will allow to extend the accessible experimental range to low temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

A neutron reflectometry study on silicon self‐diffusion at 900 °C

Hüger

Kube

Bracht

et al. 2012

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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We carried out experiments of self‐diffusion in single crystalline silicon at a temperature of 900 °C by a method that is based on neutron reflectometry in combination with 29Si/28Si isotope multilayers. The experimental reflectivity pattern shows artificial Bragg peaks due to isotope periodicity and is fitted by the program Parratt32. Diffusivities are calculated from the roughness parameter of the isotope interfaces. The results are compared to that one obtained from a simple analytical expression on the reduction of the Bragg peak. The results exhibit that both methods deliver identical diffusivities within error limits. The diffusivity of 4 × 10−22 m2 · s−1 does not depend on annealing time for diffusion on a length scale of 1–6 nm and is in good accordance to literature data, ranging between 1 and 10 × 10−22 m2 · s−1. The results demonstrate that the neutron reflectometry method is well suited to determine self‐diffusivities in single crystalline silicon at very short length scales.

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Determination of volume self-diffusivities in ultrafine-grained metals using neutron reflectometry

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Stoichiometry dependent inter diffusion and structural evolution in Al–Ni multilayer

Stoichiometry dependent inter diffusion and structural evolution in Al–Ni multilayer

Diffusivity determination in bulk materials on nanometric length scales using neutron reflectometry

A neutron reflectometry study on silicon self‐diffusion at 900 °C

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