Determination of Volatile Compounds of Mentha piperita and Lavandula multifida and Investigation of Their Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Properties

Abstract

Mentha piperita and Lavandula multifida are widely used in Moroccan traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes and infectious diseases. The aims of this work were the determination of the chemical composition of Mentha piperita (MPEO) and Lavandula multifida (LMEO) essential oils and the evaluation of their antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. The chemical composition was determined by GC-MS analysis. The antibacterial effects were evaluated against several bacterial strains using disc diffusion, MIC, and MBC methods. The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro using DPPH, H2O2, and xanthine oxidase, and the antidiabetic activity was estimated by the inhibitory effects of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase activities. GC-MS results showed that the main compounds of MPEO were menthone (29.24%), levomenthol (38.73%), and eucalyptol (6.75%). However, eucalyptol (28.11%), 2-bornanone (11.57%), endo-borneol (7.82%), and linalyl acetate (5.22%) are the major compounds of LMEO. The results exhibited important inhibitory effects against some bacterial strains with MIC = MBC = 0.39 mg/mL for MPEO against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC. However, LMEO exhibited remarkable antioxidant and antidiabetic activities compared to MPEO. Indeed, LMEO inhibited DPPH, H2O2, and xanthine oxidase with concentrations of 15.23, 21.52, and 8.89 µg/mL, respectively. Moreover, LMEO exhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase at IC50 = 85.34 and IC50 = 59.36 µg/mL, respectively. The findings showed that both MPEO and LMEO exhibit promising biological properties. However, the application of these species or their main bioactive compounds requires further investigation.

Phytochemical Variability, In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Investigations, and In Silico Antibacterial Mechanisms of Mentha piperita Essential Oils Collected from Two Different Regions in Morocco

“…A study conducted by Sun et al showed that M. piperita EOs from China exhibited remarkable antioxidant properties [ 67 ]. Furthermore, our findings were in agreement with studies in which the antioxidant activity could be attributed to the major monoterpenoids such as menthone (29.4%), carvone (70.25%), and Levomenthol (43.32%) [ 45 , 68 , 69 ]. Several studies have shown that enhanced antioxidant properties are found in EOs [ 70 ].…”

“…In the “El Gharb region” of Morocco, GC-MS analysis demonstrated that the primary components of M. pepirita EO were menthone (29.24%), levomenthol (38.73%), and eucalyptol (6.75%), which corroborate the findings reported in the present study, with the exception of eucalyptol, which was not found in our screening [ 45 ]. Another previous Moroccan work in Taounate pointed out that the chemical composition of peppermint EO analyzed by GPC/MS indicated menthol (46.32%), menthone (7.42%), and 1,8-cinole (6.06%) as the principal components, which is consistent with the data acquired in our case [ 46 ].…”

“…However, there was variation in the antioxidant findings of the two EOs. Plants could be partially attributed to the extraction techniques used, origin, growth stage, and environmental influences [ 45 ]. At the same time, our results showed an agreement with previously reported oil and leaf extracts of M. piperita from Libya [ 16 ].…”

Evaluation of Possible Antioxidant, Anti-Hyperglycaemic, Anti-Alzheimer and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Teucrium polium Aerial Parts (Lamiaceae)

“…Naturally occurring antioxidants of plant origin are highly popular for combatting oxidative stress and counteracting inflammation and its associated disorders, owing to their richness with bioactive secondary metabolites [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Furthermore, they have the potential to effectively inhibit oxidative stress that is associated with diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders [ 10 ].…”

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Origanum compactum Benth Essential Oils from Two Regions: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence and In Silico Molecular Investigations

“…Currently, different phytochemical substances found in medicinal plants have different physiological effects on humans and may be used to develop new drugs with various pharmacological properties [ 6 , 7 ]. Therefore, scientific studies on antimicrobials and anti-inflammatory drugs from plants and natural sources are of paramount importance.…”