Evaluation of Possible Antioxidant, Anti-Hyperglycaemic, Anti-Alzheimer and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Teucrium polium Aerial Parts (Lamiaceae)

Abstract

Teucrium polium L. is commonly used in folk medicine to treat hypertension and diabetes and to heal wounds. The present work aimed to evaluate the different biological activities of T. polium hydroalcoholic extract, its total phenol and flavonoid content, and its mineral elements. Results showed that T. polium extract showed significant antioxidant potential in 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay with IC50 equal to 8.68 μg/mL but with moderate activity in galvinoxyl assay with IC50 of 21.82 μg/mL and mild activity in the β-carotene assay. It also showed a pronounced anti-hyperglycemic activity using α-amylase inhibitory assay (IC50 = 111.68 µg/mL) and exceeds that of acarbose. T. polium showed excellent activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with IC50 values of 28.69 and 4.93 μg/mL, respectively, postulating its promising anti-Alzheimer potential. The plant extract exhibited a strong anti-inflammatory effect with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) denaturation inhibitory potential estimated by 97.53% at 2 mg/mL, which was further confirmed by the in vivo carrageen-induced edema model. The extract revealed its richness in flavonoids and phenols, evidenced by its polyphenols content (36.35 ± 0.294 μg GAE/mg) and flavonoids (24.30 ± 0.44 μg QE/mg). It is rich in minerals necessary for human health, such as calcium, potassium, iron, sodium, magnesium, manganese and zinc. Molecular docking performed for previously identified compounds on human α-amylase, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and acetylcholine esterase confirmed the results. Thus, it can be concluded that T. polium can be a good candidate for alleviating many health-debilitating problems and can be highly beneficial in the pharmaceutical industry and medical research.

Phenolic Profiling, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities of Selected Medicinal Plants from Tunisia

“…Briefly, our study confirmed previous findings reported by Boughalleb et al, [18] , Al-Saeghi et al, [28] Agour et al, [29] Sharifi-Rad et al, [30] Benchikha et al, [31] and Makhlouf-Gafsi et al [32] Generally, to assess the antioxidant potential of bioactive extracts, several factors are involved such as solvent polarity, extraction methods, plant matrix and especially phenolic compounds containing including caffeic acid, 4-feruloylquinic acid, flavonoids, alkaloids and carotenoids. [16,[33][34][35]…”

A Review on Phyto-Therapeutic Approaches in Alzheimer’s Disease

“…Depending on the concentration, other phenolic compounds such as catechin molecules also chelate with Fe 2+ ions in the aqueous environments [ 98 ]. Moreover, certain plant derivatives have been found to contain essential minerals with metal ions such as calcium, potassium, iron, sodium, zinc, and magnesium, which are vital to maintaining the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance [ 99 , 100 ].…”

Abelmoschus eculentus Seed Extract Exhibits In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Alzheimer’s Potential Supported by Metabolomic and Computational Investigation

“…Several vitamins, such as B 6 , B 9 , K, C, and E help in decreasing oxidative stress and improving brain functions [ 12 ]. Additionally, some plant extracts possess potential anti-AD properties, such as Punica granatum [ 13 ], Teucrium polium [ 14 ], Fragaria ananassa [ 15 ], Bacopa floribunda [ 16 ], and Ginkgo biloba [ 17 ]. On the other hand, Abelmoschus esculentus L., synonym: Hibiscus esculentus , mostly identified as okra or lady´s fingers, is a nutrient-rich food.…”