Determination of Very Low Levels of 5‐(Hydroxymethyl)‐2‐furaldehyde (HMF) in Natural Honey: Comparison Between the HPLC Technique and the Spectrophotometric White Method

Truzzi, Cristina; Annibaldi, Anna; Illuminati, Silvia; Finale, Carolina; Rossetti, Monica; Scarponi, Giuseppe

doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02782.x

Cited by 40 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…where Sa = standard deviation of the intercept of regression line and b = slope of the calibration curve [53,54]. The LOD in air was calculated by the formula: LOD in air (ng·m −3 ) = concentrations in solution (µg·L −1 ) × 0.045 L/72 m −3 .…”

Section: Quality Assurance and Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variations and Sources of 17 Aerosol Metal Elements in Suburban Nanjing, China

Chen

et al. 2016

Atmosphere

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Abstract:In this work, the seasonal variations and sources of trace metal elements in atmospheric fine aerosols (PM 2.5 ) were investigated for a year-long field campaign from July 2012 to June 2013, conducted in suburban Nanjing, eastern China, at a site adjacent to an industry zone. The PM 2.5 samples collected across four seasons were analyzed for 17 metal elements, namely, Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al), Vanadium (V), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Arsenic (As), Selenium (Se), Strontium (Sr), Cadmium (Cd), Barium (Ba), Lead (Pb), Molybdenum (Mo), and Antimony (Sb) using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We found that the total concentration of all 17 metal elements was 1.23 µg/m 3 , on average accounting for 1.0% of the total PM 2.5 mass. For our data, mass concentrations of Al, Cd, Ba were highest in summer, Mg, Cu, Zn, Se, Pb peaked in autumn, Cr, Mn, Ni, As, Sr, Sb increased significantly in winter, while the concentrations of Na, V, Mo were at their highest levels in spring. Air mass back trajectory analysis suggested that air parcels that arrived at the site originated from four dominant regions (Japan, yellow sea and bohai; Southeast of China, the Pacific Ocean; Southwest of Jiangsu and Anhui province; Northern Asia inland and Mongolia region), in particular, the one from Northern Asia inland and Mongolia contained the highest concentrations of As, Sb, Sr, and was predominant in winter. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analyses revealed that the industrial emission is the largest contributor (34%) of the observed metal elements, followed by traffic (25%), soil dust (19%), coal combustion (10%), incineration of electronic waste (9%), and a minor unknown source (3%). In addition, we have also investigated the morphology and composition of particles by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) techniques, and identified particles from coal burning sources, etc., similar to the PMF results.

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Section: Quality Assurance and Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variations and Sources of 17 Aerosol Metal Elements in Suburban Nanjing, China

Chen

et al. 2016

Atmosphere

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“…9 HPLC has a better reproducibility and repeatability than the Winkler method and is marginally better than the White method. 4,6 This is supported by the fact that the IHC 9 highlighted that differences between HPLC and the spectrophotometric results are more apparent at lower concentrations. Truzzi et al 4 suggested avoiding using HPLC for HMF concentrations below 1 mg kg À1 .…”

Section: Hplc Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…5 This method produces the smallest percentage relative standard deviation of reproducibility (RSD R ) range of 6.1-10.9% out of all recommended methods. Truzzi et al 4 suggested avoiding using HPLC for HMF concentrations below 1 mg kg À1 . 3 For 23 out of 25 FAPAS Series 28 PTs, participants mainly used HPLC for HMF analysis compared to a spectrophotometric method.…”

Section: Hplc Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the fitness for purpose utilisation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-fufural quantification analysis in FAPAS proficiency tests

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Sykes

2015

Anal. Methods

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The international utilisation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-fufural (HMF) as an indicator of honey quality necessitates its appropriate laboratory analysis. FAPAS supplies associated proficiency tests to externally assess the analytical performance. Currently, HMF results submitted are separated and analysed according to whether HPLC or spectrophotometric methods were used. This study aimed to establish whether data from the two methods could be analysed in combination for PTs at HMF concentrations of honey quality concern and remain fit for purpose. 15 years' worth of FAPAS honey proficiency test data was analysed. 25 PTs' result distributions, assigned values and RSD R s were compared. Alterations to zscore outcomes when HPLC and spectrophotometric results are combined and the Horwitz function used alternatively to Apidologie collaborative trial data were considered. The majority of PTs showed submitted spectrophotometric results did not significantly differ to those using HPLC. Assigned values generated by spectrophotometric and HPLC results displayed were correlated (linear functional relationship estimate, y ¼ 0.16715 + 1.052x). 5.22% of z-scores revised to a 'questionable' value as a result of combining both method datasets, with spectrophotometric results being the most affected.HorRat values illustrated RSD R values calculated using Horwitz instead of collaborative trial data are within acceptable parameters. Consequently, combining the two methods' results for assessment of HMF analysis proficiency tests at levels of interest to honey quality remains fit for purpose.

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“…Thus it is thought that HMF may have toxic effects (carcinogenic, mutagenic, genotoxic and cytotoxic) producing human health risks. So it becomes essential to carry out studies on the distribution of this contaminant in foods (Capuano & Fogliano, 2011;Truzzi, Annibaldi, Illuminati, Finale, Rossetti, & Scarponi, 2012). Despite of the economic importance of cane and corn syrups, it is emphasized that we could not find any earlier study about the HMF distribution in these foods produced in Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The analytical methodology more usually adopted is the liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) due to characteristics such as cost, resolution, versatility and sensitivity (Gaspar & Lucena, 2009;Lemos, Santos, & Santos, 2010;Spano et al, 2006;Ameur et al, 2006;Gökmen & Senyuva 2006;Capuano & Fogliano, 2011;Truzzi et al, 2012;Zhang, Wei, Liu, Lin, & Yuan, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In house validation from direct determination of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) in Brazilian corn and cane syrups samples by HPLC–UV

et al. 2016

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Determination of Very Low Levels of 5‐(Hydroxymethyl)‐2‐furaldehyde (HMF) in Natural Honey: Comparison Between the HPLC Technique and the Spectrophotometric White Method

Abstract: This work can help governmental and private laboratories that perform food analyses to choose the best method for the determination of HMF at very low levels in unifloral honey and honeydew samples.

Cited by 40 publications

References 21 publications

Seasonal Variations and Sources of 17 Aerosol Metal Elements in Suburban Nanjing, China

Seasonal Variations and Sources of 17 Aerosol Metal Elements in Suburban Nanjing, China

Assessment of the fitness for purpose utilisation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-fufural quantification analysis in FAPAS proficiency tests

In house validation from direct determination of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) in Brazilian corn and cane syrups samples by HPLC–UV

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