Determination of tramadol, morphine, nalbuphine and naltrexone analgesic drugs using potassium permanganate by visible spectrophotometry

Abstract

A simple, rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of four analgesic drugs namely, tramadol (TRAM), morphine (MORF), nalbuphine (NALB) and naltrexone (NALT) in bulk sample and in dosage forms is described. The method is based on oxidation of the studied drugs by potassium permanganate in acidic medium and determination of the unreacted oxidant by measuring the decrease in the absorbance of indigo carmine (IC) dye at 610 nm. Under the optimum conditions, Beer's law limit, molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity were calculated. The limits of detection and quantification were also reported. Statistical evaluation of the method was examined by determining an intra-day and inter-day precisions. The method was successfully applied to the assay of drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations. No interference was observed from common additives and the validity of the method was tested.

Development of Quantum Dots-Labeled Antibody Fluorescence Immunoassays for the Detection of Morphine

“…To date, the established methods for detecting various alkaloids include spectrophotometry, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), , liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), − high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), − capillary electrophoresis (CE), − dipstick immuno­chromatographic assay with gold nanoparticles, and electrochemical biosensors. − …”

Eco-friendly fluorimetric approaches for the simultaneous estimation of the co-administered ternary mixture: etoposide, moxifloxacin and nalbuphine

“…Several methods have been reported in the literature for the estimation of ETO, MOX and NAL in their pharmaceutical dosage form and/or biological fluids; for ETO: spectrophotometric [8], spectrofluorimetric (SF) [9], electrochemical [10,11], high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) [12], high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [13][14][15][16][17], gas chromatography (GC) [18] and capillary electrophoresis (CP) [19]; for MOX: spectrophotometric [20,21], SF [22], electrochemical [23], HPTLC [24], HPLC [25][26][27] and CP [28] and for NAL spectrophotometric [29][30][31], SF [31,32], flow injection analysis [33,34], HPLC [35][36][37] and GC [38]. These presented methods did not guide the monitoring of these three drugs in the biological matrices.…”