Determination of trace elements in fuel oils by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after acid mineralization of the sample in a microwave oven

Bettinelli, M.; Spezia, S.; Baroni, U.; Bizzarri, G.

doi:10.1039/ja9951000555

Cited by 60 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The use of more purified reagents should lower the detection limit. As shown in Table 4, the method detection limits obtained by the present procedure are comparable to those for the analysis of petroleum products using contemporary procedures based on direct nebulization after dilution or microwave digestion 11,15,21,35 and vapor generation of the sample after emulsification 35 and/or other detection methods. 9,10,36 …”

Section: Determination Of Hg and Pb In Fuel By Fi-vg-icp-mssupporting

confidence: 48%

Determination of Hg and Pb in Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Chemical Vapor Generation

Chen

Jiang

2009

ANAL. SCI.

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An isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method has been developed for the determination of Hg and Pb in fuels using flow injection vapor generation (VG) as the sample introduction system. A simple and inexpensive in-situ nebulizer/vapor generator was employed in this study. An emulsion containing 10% v/v fuel, 2% m/v Triton X-100 and 1.0% m/v tartaric acid was injected into VG-ICP-MS system for the determination of Hg and Pb. Sodium borohydride was used for vapor generation. Since the sensitivities of Hg and Pb in emulsion and those in aqueous solution are quite different, isotope dilution and standard addition methods were used for the determination of Hg and Pb in selected fuel samples. The influences of vapor generation conditions and emulsion preparation on the ion signals are reported. This method has been applied for the determination of Hg and Pb in various fuel samples such as diesel, gasoline and engine oil obtained locally. The analytical results obtained by isotope dilution and standard addition methods were in good agreement with each other and also with those of digested samples analyzed by pneumatic nebulization ICP-MS. Under the optimum operating conditions, the detection limits obtained were 0.02 and 0.03 ng mL -1 for Hg and Pb, respectively, in prepared emulsified solutions, corresponding to 0.2 and 0.3 ng mL -1 of Hg and Pb, respectively, in the original fuel samples.

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Section: Determination Of Hg and Pb In Fuel By Fi-vg-icp-mssupporting

confidence: 48%

Determination of Hg and Pb in Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Chemical Vapor Generation

Chen

Jiang

2009

ANAL. SCI.

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“…The procedure of the dilution with organic solvents is an easy way to sample pretreatment before detection, but has some requirements: special devices for sample introduction e. g. for FAAS (Bettinelli et al, 1995), the addition of oxygen as an auxiliary gas in ICP-OES or ICP-MS (Costa et al, 2001). The volatile organic solvents have been directly introduced into ICPs for many years, but this can cause plasma instability, less sensitivity, less precision and high cost.…”

Section: Dilution With Organic Solventmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analytical techniques used for metal determinations in oils are both emission and absorption spectrophotometry. ICP-OES (Allen et al, 1998;Angioni et al, 2006 ;Anthedimis et al, 2005;Costa et al, 2001;De Souza et al, 2005;Murillo et al, 1999;Zeiner et al, 2005), FAAS (Batı & Cesur, 2002;Carbonell et al, 1991;Köse Baran & Bağdat Yaşar, 2010;Nunes et al, 2011), ETA-AAS (Karadjova et al, 1998;Kowalewska et al, 1999 ;Zeiner et al, 2005), GFAAS (Allen et al,1998 ;Ansari et al, 2009;Calapaj et al, 1988;Chen et al, 1999;Cindric et al, 2007;De Leonardis et al, 2000;Hendrikse et al, 1988Hendrikse et al, , 1991Lacoste et al, 1999;Martin-Polvillo et al, 1994 ;Matos Reyes & Campos, 2006;Mendil et al, 2009;Nash et al, 1983;Van Dalen, 1996), and ICP-MS (Benincasa et al, 2007 ;Bettinelli et al, 1995;Llorent-Martinez et al, 2011a, 2011bPereira et al, 2010;Wondimu et al, 2000) are the most commonly used techniques for the determination of metal contents in oils (Duyck et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Determinations in Olive Oil

Yaşar¹,

Baran²,

Alkan³

2012

Olive Oil - Constituents, Quality, Health Properties and Bioconversions

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“…8 The knowledge of trace metal concentration is important to characterize oils from different sources and the deterioration of mechanical parts of machines. [9][10][11] Thus, the parameters that affect the digestion process, such as sample amount, concentrated acid volumes, microwave radiation applied power, and digestion time, should be investigated. These operating parameters can be effectively and efficiently optimized using a factorial design approach.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of factorial design for optimization of microwave-assisted digestion of lubricating oil

Costa¹,

Ferreira²,

Nogueira³

et al. 2005

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A eficiência dos procedimentos de digestão em fornos de microondas pode ser afetada por parâmetros experimentais críticos, como massa de amostra, volume da mistura ácida, potência de radiação aplicada e o tempo da digestão. Neste trabalho foi proposta a utilização de um planejamento fatorial completo para a otimização da digestão de amostras de óleo lubrificante em forno de microondas, com recipientes fechados. O teor de carbono residual e a acidez final das soluções foram determinados em todos os digeridos provenientes do forno de microondas, como resposta ao planejamento fatorial. Cálcio, Cu, Mg, P, S e Zn foram determinados nos digeridos ácidos e a exatidão foi checada utilizando-se um material de referência certificado, NIST SRM 1848-Lubricating Oil Additive Package. Os resultados encontrados para as amostras e para o material de referência certificado estão em concordância a um nível de confiança de 95%. Tempo de digestão, potência de radiação aplicada, massa de amostra e as interações entre essas variáveis foram significativas (P < 5%), aplicando-se a análise de variância (ANOVA).This work proposes the use of factorial design for optimization of microwave-assisted digestion of lubricating oil. The accuracy of digestion procedures is affected by critical experimental parameters, such as sample amount, concentrated acid volumes, microwave radiation applied power, and digestion time. The effects of these key variables on the microwave-assisted digestion efficiency were investigated. The residual carbon content and the acidity were determined in all digestates after microwave-assisted digestion as response of the factorial design. Calcium, Cu, Mg, P, S, and Zn were determined in oil digestates obtained by using two systems: a cavity-and a focused-oven. The accuracy was checked using one standard reference material, NIST SRM 1848 -Lubricating Oil Additive Package. All determined and certified values are in agreement at a 95% confidence level. The digestion time, microwave applied power, sample mass, and the interaction between these variables were significant according to P-values when the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used.Keywords: factorial design, microwave-assisted digestion, lubricating oil, metals IntroductionThe proposal of a new analytical method requires the optimization of the experimental variables and its validation. The first one involves the selection of the values of the factors that have an influence on the analytical signal and lead to the best results for the analytical process. The optimization of the proposed method allows us to understand effects that are not explained in a traditional way, such as those in which the analytical response is a multimodal function of the independent variables or when the effects of the variables are not additive and there is interaction among them. 1 Sample preparation involves digestion or extraction of the analytes before the analysis, 2 so this step is time limiting, requiring up to 60% of the complete analysis time, and is responsible for up to 30% of ...

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Determination of trace elements in fuel oils by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after acid mineralization of the sample in a microwave oven

Cited by 60 publications

References 8 publications

Determination of Hg and Pb in Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Chemical Vapor Generation

Determination of Hg and Pb in Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Chemical Vapor Generation

Metal Determinations in Olive Oil

Use of factorial design for optimization of microwave-assisted digestion of lubricating oil

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