Determination of the inheritance, cross‐resistance and detoxifying enzyme levels of a laboratory‐selected, spiromesifen‐resistant population of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Abstract

Selection for spiromesifen under laboratory conditions resulted in the development of spiromesifen resistance in the predatory mite N. californicus. Predatory mites that are resistant to pesticides are considered valuable for use in resistance management programmes within integrated pest control strategies.

Selection for resistance: Cross-resistance, inheritance, synergists and biochemical mechanisms of resistance to acequinocyl in Phytoseiulus persimilis A.H. (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

“…Cross-resistance in pest mites is not desirable because pests become resistant to many pesticides within one or several chemical groups, and resistance management therefore becomes more difficult, particularly under field conditions. However, the development of cross-resistance in predator species that provide biological control under field conditions should be viewed as a favorable outcome (Yorulmaz Salman and Ay, 2014). The ACE6 population of P. persimilis had higher resistance to other pesticides, which makes the acequinocyl resistance interesting and suggests a potential role in integrated pest management programs in crop production.…”

“…Hoy and Knop (1981) found that resistance was polygenic in permethrin-resistant Metaseiulus occidentalis (Nesbitt) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) as a result of selection pressure under laboratory conditions. Yorulmaz Salman and Ay (2014) determined that spiromesifen resistance was incompletely dominant and monogenic in a population of 52.08-fold spiromesifenresistant Neoseiulus californicus McGregor (Acari: Phytoseiidae). In selections in the laboratory, it was reported that polygenic resistance developed more rapidly than monogenic resistance because of the lower intensity of pesticide use and population size relative to field conditions (Roush and McKenzie, 1987).…”

“…Therefore, the pesticides used affect P. persimilis, and its natural populations cannot be protected. Pesticides are also known to have side effects, one of which is phytoseiid predators developing resistance to certain pesticides (Avella et al, 1985;Hoy and Quyang, 1989;Sato et al, 2000;Auger et al, 2005;Yorulmaz Salman and Ay, 2014). Naturally or artificially selected natural enemies that are resistant to pesticides can be used (Hoy, 1990).…”

Resistance mechanisms in mites

“…Faydalı bir akar türü olan Phytoseiulus persimilis A.H. (Acari: Phytoseiidae) türünde ise P450 ve esteraz seviyeleri ile acequinocyl direnci gelişimi arasında bir bağlantı olduğu bildirilmiştir (Yorulmaz Salman et al, 2015). Yine ülkemizde faydalı akarlarda birden fazla detoksifikasyon enzim grubunun dirence dahil olduğu çalışmalar bulunmaktadır (Yorulmaz Salman & Ay, 2013;Yorulmaz Salman & Ay, 2014).…”

Laboratory assays on the effects of a novel acaricide, SYP-9625 on Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) and its natural enemy, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor)

“…californicus exhibits broad environmental tolerance, and is used to manage pest mites in many countries, thus demonstrating the great biological control potential of N . californicus [ 14 – 17 ].…”