Determination of the Impact of Weft Density on Fabric Dynamic Thickness under Tensile Forces

Abstract

This paper deals with the impact of fabric density on fabric thickness change when samples are subjected to uniaxial tensile forces in the weft direction. During stretching, fabric thickness changes depending on the value of the tensile force. In an effort to be as precise as possible in measuring fabric dynamic thickness changes and the area on which the tensile force acts, a new measuring apparatus was designed and constructed. This measuring apparatus allows the simultaneous measurement of fabric dynamic thickness, related tensile axial forces and extension. Measurements of the fabric dynamic thickness, breaking force and breaking extension during the stretching process were carried out on five samples of cotton woven fabric with a constant warp density and different weft densities in the same structural plain weave. Based on the experimentally obtained values, the paper presents diagrams of the relationship between dynamic changes in fabric thickness in relation to the tensile force and extension. The research presented in this paper shows that an increase in the tensile force increases fabric thickness for all weft densities. Also, the out-of-plane woven fabric ratio was calculated as a relation between the relative thickness strain and relative axial strain. The characteristic curve shows this ratio.

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“…The observed strength loss may be related to the limitation of the grafted chain orientation at high graft yields and hardening of the strain . As a conclusion, when these values are compared with the values of natural cotton and wool fabrics published in the literature, it can be seen that the values of the graft‐modified PET fabrics are still higher. According to this, it could be said that the graft‐modified PET fabrics could be used in the textile processing applications.…”

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“…Although relatively stable later, the fabric thickness changes linearly with the degree of stretching, and finally, the change rate tends to stabilize. This conclusion is drawn from the experimental results of previous studies . Due to the force of the fabric network, when the threshold value is reached, the change of the final fabric thickness will reach the threshold with the strain.…”

“…According to research, the thickness of the fabric decreases with increasing length. 42 The rate of decrease of the thickness is termed as DR. Initially, since the fabric is initially in the loose stage, the fabric network rapidly changes with the force.…”

“…This conclusion is drawn from the experimental results of previous studies. 42 Due to the force of the fabric network, when the threshold value is reached, the change of the final fabric thickness will reach the threshold with the strain. Thus, the change rate linearly decreases to zero with increasing length.…”

“…Thus, the thickness of the fabric changes with the length. According to research, the thickness of the fabric decreases with increasing length . The rate of decrease of the thickness is termed as DR.…”