Determination of the diffusion of monovalent cations into wood under isothermal conditions based on LiCl impregnation of Norway spruce

Kolavali, Reddysuresh; Theliander, Hans

doi:10.1515/hf-2012-0182

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Previous experiments on diffusion in wood have mostly utilized diffusion cells, measuring through diffusion of various ions (e.g., Cady and Williams 1935;Burr and Stamm 1947;Behr et al 1952;Narayanamurti and Kumar 1953). More recent studies attempt to study the time-dependent ion concentration profiles by cutting the wood samples at different times prior to analysis (Kazi et al 1996;Jacobson et al 2006;Kolavali and Theliander 2013). Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) offers a nondestructive way of measuring diffusion as well as performing localized measurements inside a sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using fluorescent probes and FRAP to investigate macromolecule diffusion in steam-exploded wood

et al. 2018

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Diffusion of fluorescently labeled dextran of varying molecular weight in wood pretreated by steam explosion was studied with a confocal microscope. The steam explosion experiments were conducted at relatively mild conditions relevant for materials biorefinery at a pressure of 14 bars for 10 min. The method of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) was used to perform diffusion measurements locally in the wood microstructure. It was found that the FRAP methodology can be used to observe differences in the diffusion coefficient based on localization in the microstructure, i.e., earlywood, latewood, and cell wall. Microscopic changes due to steam explosion were seen to increase diffusion of the smaller 3-kDa dextran diffusion probe in the earlywood, while the latewood structure was not affected in any significant way. Macroscopic changes to the structure in the form of ruptures due to the steam explosion pretreatment were observed to increase the rate of diffusion for the larger 40-kDa dextran probe.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using fluorescent probes and FRAP to investigate macromolecule diffusion in steam-exploded wood

et al. 2018

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“…All samples in Fig. 2, with the exception of the data shown in circles, display a similar profile with higher Mix concentration at the end of the sample relative to the center, a distribution typical for wood impregnation (Kolavali and Theliander 2013;Ahmed et al 2013). There was a significant variation in measured Mix mass percentage between the different samples investigated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Time-resolved laser spectroscopy for the in situ characterization of methacrylate monomer flow within spruce

et al. 2016

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Time-resolved diffuse optical spectroscopy (TRS) was investigated as a nondestructive method to characterize the post-impregnation distribution of methacrylate monomers within spruce (Picea abies). TRS was also used to monitor the flow of methacrylate monomers in situ, within spruce, during impregnation with both spatial and temporal resolution. The data were compared to fluid flow models developed by Darcy and Bramhall demonstrating that neither of these models were able to accurately describe the experimental results, highlighting the need for development of new models. Nondestructive characterization by TRS did not require staining of the monomer treatment solution, multivariate analysis or complex sample pre-treatment, thus highlighting the facile applicability of this technique.

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“…This lack of free water prevents SO 2 from being dissolved and forming sulfurous acid (H 2 SO 3 ), leading to incomplete acid distribution through the chip. In addition, drying of wood below the FSP is known to result in shrinkage of individual fibers as well as collapsing of pores and transient capillaries, both of which can reduce the volume inside the chip available for acid to form. Together, this results in reduced hemicellulose removal from the solids and a subsequently lower hydrolyzability in lower moisture content samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Approach to Using Dried Hybrid Poplar as a Potential Commodity Feedstock for Sugar Production

Ewanick

Bura

2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Use of a commodity feedstock with uniform physical and chemical characteristics can maximize the efficiency of sugar production in a lignocellulosic biorefinery. However, efficient handling and storage necessitates dry biomass, while effective bioconversion is maximized with high moisture biomass. To bridge this gap, the effect of moisture content on hybrid poplar bioconversion was investigated. Fresh hybrid poplar chips were both oven-and air-dried and rehydrated by soaking in water prior to SO 2 -catalyzed steam explosion. Following enzymatic hydrolysis, pretreated solids derived from air-dried and ovendried chips (10% and 0% moisture content) were 11−24% less digestible than never-dried chips at 50% moisture content. Upon soaking the same poplar chips in water prior to SO 2 impregnation, pretreatment, and hydrolysis, there was a dramatic improvement in digestibility of up to 44%, thought to be due to improved SO 2 uptake and subsequent hemicellulose hydrolysis in the dried chips. Monomeric glucose and xylose yields after pretreatment and hydrolysis of over 500 kg/tonne raw biomass were achieved from oven-dried and soaked biomass compared to only 349 kg/tonne raw biomass for unsoaked oven-dried biomass. In contrast, no improvement was observed upon soaking for air-dried or never-dried hybrid poplar chips.

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Determination of the diffusion of monovalent cations into wood under isothermal conditions based on LiCl impregnation of Norway spruce

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Using fluorescent probes and FRAP to investigate macromolecule diffusion in steam-exploded wood

Using fluorescent probes and FRAP to investigate macromolecule diffusion in steam-exploded wood

Time-resolved laser spectroscopy for the in situ characterization of methacrylate monomer flow within spruce

A New Approach to Using Dried Hybrid Poplar as a Potential Commodity Feedstock for Sugar Production

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