Using fluorescent probes and FRAP to investigate macromolecule diffusion in steam-exploded wood

Kvist, Patric; Schuster, Erich; Lorén, Niklas; Rasmuson, Anders

doi:10.1007/s00226-018-1039-5

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These experiments were performed using a diffusion cell and a refractometer to measure concentration (Fukuyama and Hiroyuki 1980). The predicted results in the present simulations were in the middle compared to both studies (Fukuyama and Hiroyuki 1986;Kvist et al 2018). The reason for this is most likely due to the difference in the scale between the simulations and the experiments performed.…”

Section: Lattice Boltzmann Simulationscontrasting

confidence: 51%

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A multi-scale model for diffusion of large molecules in steam-exploded wood

2020

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In this paper, multi-scale modeling was used to resolve diffusion in steam-exploded wood at tracheid scales including sub-micrometer features of bordered pits. Simulations were performed using the lattice Boltzmann method with high-resolution X-ray tomography image data as the input for the microstructure. The results show an effective method for utilizing a variable diffusion coefficient to implement two length scales. This circumvents the need to resolve the bordered pits in detail, which requires massive computing power. Instead, the effective diffusion coefficient for one bordered pit is used as input for this model. Results based on the present model are comparable to experimental data. This methodology can be extended to more structural features at the microscale of wood, such as latewood and the cell wall. Obtaining a map of different diffusion coefficients based on features and scale gives a better overall understanding of diffusion and the importance of mass transport with regard to the pretreatment of wood.

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Section: Lattice Boltzmann Simulationscontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…Measurements taken with 40 kDa dextran diffusion probes using FRAP by Kvist et al (2018) gave diffusion coefficients in the range of 7 μm 2 /s. These measurements were taken over one single earlywood tracheid.…”

Section: Lattice Boltzmann Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-scale model for diffusion of large molecules in steam-exploded wood

2020

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“…However, the quick decompression does not seem to have a significant effect on the structure of the polymers, it does not promote the depolymerization of hemicellulose or lignin ( Rodríguez et al, 2017 ). The physical changes due to water expansion and the increase in cell wall porosity have been investigated using microscopic techniques and fluorescent probes ( Kvist et al, 2018 ) or physico-chemical approaches ( Sui and Chen, 2014 ). It has been shown that SE greatly affected the porosity and diffusion of molecules ( Qin and Chen, 2015 ) and macromolecules ( Kvist et al, 2018 ) by increasing the size, the connectivity and tortuosity of the pores.…”

Section: Explosive Decompressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Mini-Review of Theorical and Experimental Approaches

2021

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Steam Explosion (SE) is one of the most efficient and environmentally friendly processes for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. It is an important tool for the development of the biorefinery concept to mitigate the recalcitrance of biomass. However, the two distinct steps of SE, steam cracking and explosive decompression, leading to the breakdown of the lignocellulosic matrix have generally been studied in empiric ways and clarification are needed. This mini-review provides new insights and recommendations regarding the properties of subcritical water, process modeling and the importance of the depressurization rate.

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“…The evolution of the concentration front was studied over time to obtain information on diffusion pathways and how long it takes for diffusing solutes to traverse the porous structure being studied. For the transient study, the free diffusion coefficient of 40 kDa FITC-dextran was used at 42.6 (µm 2 /s), calculated based on fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) measurements in aqueous solution (Kvist et al 2018).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coefficients based on the simulations for native wood in Fig. 10 In earlier work performed by the authors (Kvist et al 2018) on steam-exploded wood, FRAP (fluorescent recovery after photobleaching) was used to determine local diffusion coefficients of dextran. The measurements were taken over a single tracheid in the transversal direction, and values of D eff /D 0 for a 3 kDa FITCdextran probe were for native: 0.067, steam-treated: 0.20, and steam-exploded: 0.33.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lattice Boltzmann simulations of diffusion in steam-exploded wood

et al. 2019

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Diffusion of large molecules throughout the porous microstructure of wood pretreated with steam explosion was investigated by using the lattice Boltzmann method for simulations. Wood samples were investigated with high-resolution X-ray tomography to effectively reconstruct an accurate geometry of the structural changes that ensue after pretreatment. Samples of approximately 1 mm 3 with voxel sizes from 0.5 to 1 μm were examined with X-ray imaging. These large volumes, relative to what reasonably can be simulated, were divided into sub-volumes and were further reconstructed into geometries suited for the LBM simulations. The transient development of the concentration was investigated, and the effective diffusion coefficient at steady state was computed. Diffusion rates were found to increase significantly in the transversal direction due to the steam explosion pretreatment. The increase was observed both in the time needed for solutes to diffuse throughout the pores and in the effective diffusion coefficient. A shorter diffusion pathway and a higher connectivity between pores were found for the pretreated samples, even though the porosity was similar and the pore size distribution narrower than the native sample. These results show that local mass transport depends not only on porosity but also, in a complex manner, on pore structure. Thus, a more detailed analysis of pore space structure using tomography data, in combination with simulations, enables a more general understanding of the diffusional process.

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Using fluorescent probes and FRAP to investigate macromolecule diffusion in steam-exploded wood

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

A multi-scale model for diffusion of large molecules in steam-exploded wood

A multi-scale model for diffusion of large molecules in steam-exploded wood

Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Mini-Review of Theorical and Experimental Approaches

Lattice Boltzmann simulations of diffusion in steam-exploded wood

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