Determination of the core temperature of a Li-ion cell during thermal runaway

Parhizi, Mohammad; Ahmed, Muhammad Bilal; Jain, Ankur

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.09.086

Cited by 79 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Temperature for such cells may be obtained from experimentally validated finite element simulations as discussed in section . Further, data reported here are all surface temperatures, whereas the core temperature may be much greater . Section later estimates the core temperature based on these measurements using a recently developed analytical model …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the hermetically sealed nature of a Li‐ion cell, most experiments, including those described in section , are able to report only the surface temperature measured by a thermocouple attached on the outer surface of the cell. Because of the low radial thermal conductivity of the cell, however, it is likely that the core temperature may be much greater and therefore may play a more significant role than the surface temperature in determining the safety of the cell . For example, when a surface temperature measurement indicates somewhat elevated temperature, the core temperature may in fact be much greater because of internal heat generation and large thermal conduction resistance within the cell.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermal runaway in a single Li-ion cell has been studied extensively in a variety of abuse conditions, 17,18 through both experiments and theoretical analysis. 7,19 Much work has also been carried out on thermal measurements and theoretical modeling of battery packs, although most work has been limited to large battery packs of relevance to electric vehicles. [13][14][15] Active and passive cooling has been investigated through experiments and numerical analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall rate of heat generation in the cell has been determined through electrochemical as well as calorimetric measurements. Thermal runaway in a single Li‐ion cell has been studied extensively in a variety of abuse conditions, through both experiments and theoretical analysis …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and numerical investigation of heat transfer in Li‐ion battery pack of a hoverboard

2019

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Summary Li‐ion cells are used for energy storage and conversion in electric vehicles and a variety of consumer devices such as hoverboards. Performance and safety of such devices are severely affected by overheating of Li‐ion cells in aggressive operating conditions. Multiple recent fires and accidents in hoverboards are known to have originated in the battery pack of the hoverboard. While thermal analysis and measurements have been carried out extensively on large battery packs for electric vehicles, there is relatively lesser research on smaller devices such as hoverboards, where the extremely limited thermal management design space and the critical importance of user safety result in severe thermal management challenges. This paper presents experimental measurements and numerical analysis of a novel approach for thermal management of the battery pack of a hoverboard. Measurements indicate that temperature rise in cells in the pack can be as large as 30°C at 4C discharge rate, which, although unlikely to be a standard discharge rate, may result from a malfunction or accident. A novel thermal management approach is investigated, wherein careful utilization of air flow generated by hoverboard motion is shown to result in significant temperature reduction. Measurements also indicate the key role of the metal housing around the battery pack in thermal management. Measurements are found to be in good agreement with finite element simulations, which indicate that the battery pack can be cooled as effectively in presence of a perforated metal casing as without the casing at all. Experimental data and simulation model presented here offer critical insights into the design of hoverboard thermal management and may result in safer, high performance hoverboard battery packs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and numerical investigation of heat transfer in Li‐ion battery pack of a hoverboard

2019

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“…Even though several papers have estimated the reaction kinetics of these processes, the heat generation rates are not known exactly and may vary depending on experimental conditions. Further, temperature measurement inside a Li‐ion cell during abuse conditions is also not straightforward . Most past research on temperature measurement in a Li‐ion cell is limited to the surface temperature, whereas thermal runaway may originate inside the cell where the temperature is higher than the surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of thermal runaway and thermal management requirements in cylindrical Li‐ion cells in realistic scenarios

Shah

Jain

2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Li‐ion cells suffer from significant safety and performance problems due to overheating and thermal runaway. Effective thermal management can lead to increased energy conversion efficiency and energy storage density. Critical needs towards these goals include the capability to predict thermal behavior in extreme conditions and determine thermal management requirements to prevent thermal runaway. This paper presents an experimentally validated theoretical model to predict the temperature distribution in a cell in response to nonlinear heat generation rate that is known to occur during thermal runaway. This problem is solved by linearization of the nonlinear term over successive time intervals. Experimental measurements carried out on a thermal test cell in conditions similar to thermal runaway show good agreement with the theoretical model. Experimental measurements and model predictions indicate strong dependence of the fate of the cell on its reaction kinetics, thermal properties, and ambient conditions. Specifically, a sudden change in thermal runaway behavior is predicted once the ambient temperature crosses a certain threshold, consistent with past experimental observations. The impact of increasing cell thermal conductivity on improved thermal runaway performance is quantified. Results presented here provide a fundamental understanding of thermal runaway, and may lead to improved performance and safety of Li‐ion–based energy conversion and storage systems.

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Revolutionizing the Afterlife of EV Batteries: A Comprehensive Guide to Echelon Utilization Technologies

Wang,

Hu,

Wang

et al. 2023

ChemElectroChem

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In the burgeoning new energy automobile industry, repurposing retired power batteries stands out as a sustainable solution to environmental and energy challenges. This paper comprehensively examines crucial technologies involved in optimizing the reuse of batteries, spanning from disassembly techniques to safety management systems. The review assesses the viability of retired batteries, comparing their performance with that of new units, and evaluates scenarios for echelon utilization. Early safety warning systems based on temperature, voltage, and gas emissions are analyzed to enhance the understanding of safety management. In addition, the current state and enhancement opportunities for the second life of electric vehicle batteries are presented. The research highlights the integral role of retired power batteries in applications such as energy storage, communication bases, and streetlights. It is indicated that ensuring safety through robust early warning systems is of paramount importance. Ultimately, this paper envisions a sustainable future, driven by innovative strategies that facilitate the effective utilization of retired batteries in the new energy automobile industry.

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Determination of the core temperature of a Li-ion cell during thermal runaway

Cited by 79 publications

References 25 publications

Experimental and numerical investigation of heat transfer in Li‐ion battery pack of a hoverboard

Experimental and numerical investigation of heat transfer in Li‐ion battery pack of a hoverboard

Prediction of thermal runaway and thermal management requirements in cylindrical Li‐ion cells in realistic scenarios

Revolutionizing the Afterlife of EV Batteries: A Comprehensive Guide to Echelon Utilization Technologies

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