Determination of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) using a copper electrode: a clean alternative method

Silva, Claudinéia R.; Conceição, Cleone D. C.; Bonifácio, Viviane Gomes; Fatibello‐Filho, Orlando; Teixeira, Marcos F.S.

doi:10.1007/s10008-008-0580-9

Cited by 72 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Relative errors of the two models were <8.00%. The average relative error was 5.00% for model 1 and 4.25% for model 2, which were lower than those reported in the literature (Abuzaid et al 1997;Silva et al 2009). The standard deviation and relative error of model 2 are lower than that of model 1, indicating that the predictability of model 2 is better than model 1.…”

Section: Model Validationcontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…For many years, many efforts have been devoted to the development of rapid new methods for the determination of COD. For example, spectrophotometry, chemiluminescence microflow system, turbidity analysis, and electrochemistry were used for the determination of COD in effluents (Abuzaid et al 1997;Liu et al 2006Liu et al , 2008Silva et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand in pulping effluent

Chen

Zhan

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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A new method has been developed for the determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in pulping effluent using chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry. Two calibration models were established by inducing UV-visible spectroscopy (model 1) and derivative spectroscopy (model 2), combined with the chemometrics software Smica-P. Correlation coefficients of the two models are 0.9954 (model 1) and 0.9963 (model 2) when COD of samples is in the range of 0 to 405 mg/L. Sensitivities of the two models are 0.0061 (model 1) and 0.0056 (model 2) and method detection limits are 2.02-2.45 mg/L (model 1) and 2.13-2.51 mg/L (model 2). Validation experiment showed that the average standard deviation of model 2 was 1.11 and that of model 1 was 1.54. Similarly, average relative error of model 2 (4.25%) was lower than model 1 (5.00%), which indicated that the predictability of model 2 was better than that of model 1. Chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry method did not need chemical reagents and digestion which were required in the conventional methods, and the testing time of the new method was significantly shorter than the conventional ones. The proposed method can be used to measure COD in pulping effluent as an environmentally friendly approach with satisfactory results.

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Section: Model Validationcontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand in pulping effluent

Chen

Zhan

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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“…[1][2][3] As a sensing material for electrochemical detection, copper nanostructures have many unique properties such as the enhanced mass-transport rate, high surface to volume ratio, and the improved signal-to-noise ratio in electroanalytical measurements. 4 These characteristics significantly affect the electrochemical reactions, and promote the potential applications for catalysis and detection of a number of biochemical substances such as glucose, 5,6 COD (chemical oxygen demand), 7,8 kojic acid, 9 sulfite 10 and nitrate. 11,12 A lot of work has been published in discussing the synthesis, characterization and application of copper nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper nano-clusters prepared by one-step electrodeposition and its application on nitrate sensing

Sun

Bian

et al. 2015

AIP Advances

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This paper describes the fabrication and characterization of copper nano-clusters prepared by a simple one-step electrodeposition process on platinum microelectrode, and the application for nitrate determination. The one-step electrodepostion process was performed by chronoamperometry scan in acidic copper sulphate electrolyte directly. The SEM and electrochemical examination showed that the morphologies and microstructures of deposited copper layers can be precisely controlled by using different deposition voltages. It was found that the copper layer is porous when the deposition voltage is higher than -500 mV, and this porous layer has a larger effective surface area compared with the corresponding smooth flat copper layer deposited under voltage less than -300 mV. Under the optimized deposition voltage, copper clusters constructed by uniform nanoparticles with an average diameter of about 100 nm can be obtained. The mechanism of electrodeposition process for this method was also speculated. The copper layers deposited under different voltages are used in a series of tests in order to evaluate their performance for nitrate sensing. The experimental results reveal that the microelectrode modified by fixed potential deposition under -700 mV had a higher sensitivity of 39.31 μA/mmolL−1 for nitrate detection within the concentration ranging from 0.1 mmolL−1 to 4.0 mmolL−1.

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“…dichromate) COD method. Accordingly, the COD value of a sample could be determined in a simple, rapid and accurate manner and the end products did not contain toxic metals [56].…”

Section: Other Electrode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greening Electroanalytical Methods

Yáñez‐Sedeño

Pingarrón

Hernández

2012

Handbook of Green Analytical Chemistry

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Determination of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) using a copper electrode: a clean alternative method

Cited by 72 publications

References 23 publications

Chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand in pulping effluent

Chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand in pulping effluent

Copper nano-clusters prepared by one-step electrodeposition and its application on nitrate sensing

Greening Electroanalytical Methods

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