Determination of susceptibility to sensitization to dental materials in atopic and non-atopic patients

Abstract

Introduction: Some studies report that atopic patients have a greater frequency of delayed-type sensitization than non-atopic patients. Objective: To determine the influence of the atopic condition on delayed sensitization to dental materials. Design: cross-sectional study. Methods: Forty (40) atopic subjects and forty (40) non-atopic subjects, of both sexes, between 20 and 65 years of age were included. The determination of delayed sensitization to dental materials was performed using patch test. An oral exam was also carried out to check for lesions of the oral mucosa. Results: 61.25% of the patients were positive for delayed-type sensitization to one or more allergens, being palladium chloride (21.25%), ammoniated mercury (20%), benzoyl peroxide (12.5%) and amalgam (10%) the most frequent. The frequency of sensitization was 67.5% in the group of atopic patients, compared to 55% in the non atopic group (p>0.05). The materials with the greatest difference of sensitization in atopic compared to non-atopic patients were ammoniated mercury, benzoyl peroxide, amalgam and Bisphenol A Dimethacrylate (BIS-GMA). Conclusion: The atopic condition is not related to a higher frequency of delayed sensitization to a battery of dental materials. Key words: Patch test, delayed-type sensitization, allergy contact, atopia, dental materials.

Evaluation of dental material series from patients with dental prostheses and suspicion of delayed hypersensitivity

“…Oral hypersensitivity to dental materials is rare, probably due to some factors such as: the presence of saliva in the mouth, which leads to dilution and facilitates the removal of allergens; keratinization in some areas of the mucosa, hindering the union of the hapten; high local tissue vascularization, enabling the removal of allergens and mechanical resistance of the oral mucosa. 3 …”

“…However the relation between atopy and late hypersensitivity to dental materials had not been analyzed until Alcayaga present a study that, just as our study, showed that atopy condition is not related to the high frequency of positive patch tests for dental materials. 3 …”

Amalgam allergy and Burning Mouth Syndrom: treatment and 25 years recall

“…The high percentage of patients sensitized to dental material and the presence of intraoral clinical symptoms (hypersensitivity) cannot be correlated [20]. This suggests the role of the oral mucosa as an important sensitization route, however, showing a high level of tolerance.…”

Enfrentamiento Práctico del Paciente con Síndrome de Boca Urente, una Propuesta para el Estudio y Tratamiento

“…La indicación de test de parche cutáneo con lectura a las 96 horas es lo que habitualmente se utiliza para la detección de respuestas de hipersensibilidad tardía, sin embargo, reacciones retardadas a metales pudiesen ocurrir hasta los 14 días, por lo que algunos centros incluyen la medición a los 7 y 14 días. 18 Endoscopía digestiva: El SBU está asociado ocasionalmente al reflujo gastroesofágico, específicamente con la sintomatología de la orofaringe y base de la lengua. Anecdóticamente, se ha reportado alivio de síntomas del SBU con omeprazol dos veces al día, en pacientes con reflujo gastroesofágico (RGE) demostrado por endoscopia.…”