Determination of sugar and acid content in apple

Bruyn, J. W. De; Keulen, H. A. Van

doi:10.1007/bf00021210

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Via activation of ethylene receptors at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, a signalling cascade leads to an activation of ripening‐related genes . This induces changes in fruit colour, flesh firmness, aroma and texture as chlorophyll, cellulose and pectin are broken down and carotenoids and aroma volatiles are produced . However, there is also an ethylene‐independent regulation of climacteric fruit ripening, where the loss of acidity, accumulation of sugars and the initiation of the climacteric process do not require ethylene .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 This induces changes in fruit colour, flesh firmness, aroma and texture as chlorophyll, cellulose and pectin are broken down and carotenoids and aroma volatiles are produced. [4][5][6] However, there is also an ethylene-independent regulation of climacteric fruit ripening, where the loss of acidity, accumulation of sugars and the initiation of the climacteric process do not require ethylene. 7 The ripening process in climacteric fruits is also accompanied by changes in cell respiration with increased carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of the ethylene‐related signal‐inhibiting octapeptide NOP‐1 on postharvest ripening and quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples

Klein¹,

Fiebig²,

Neuwald

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Processes extending the shelf life of climacteric fruit play an important role in terms of a sustainable global food supply. In a previous study, a synthetic octapeptide (NOP‐1) was shown to inhibit the interaction between ethylene receptor (ETR) and ethylene insensitive‐2 (EIN2), and in consequence delay tomato ripening. We investigated for the first time the effect of NOP‐1 on inhibiting the ripening of apples (‘Golden Delicious’) during postharvest. RESULTS Using purified recombinant proteins from a bacterial expression system, we demonstrate here that EIN2 also interacts tightly (Kd = 136 ± 29 nmol L−1) with the corresponding apple ETR MdETR1. In line with previous binding studies on tomato ETRs, the ripening‐delaying peptide NOP‐1 clearly binds to the purified apple ETR. An NOP‐1 solution (1000 µmol L−1) was applied with a brush or microdispenser and compared with apples treated with 1‐methylcyclopropene (1‐MCP) (SmartFresh™, Agrofresh) applied as gaseous treatment or untreated control fruits. NOP‐1 inhibited colour development and chlorophyll degradation during shelf life. These effects were more pronounced with the brush application (surface film) than with microdroplets application (mimicking a sprayable formulation). NOP‐1 did not alter ethylene release or respiration rate, whereas 1‐MCP expectedly strongly suppressed both. There were no differences in quality parameters evaluated. CONCLUSION Our study shows that NOP‐1 binds to MdETR1 which results in delaying of ethylene‐dependent ripening developments of skin colour and chlorophyll. Besides application methods, possible reasons for the weak effect of NOP‐1 in comparison with previous tomato experiments could be different receptor affinity and penetration differences. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the ethylene‐related signal‐inhibiting octapeptide NOP‐1 on postharvest ripening and quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples

Klein¹,

Fiebig²,

Neuwald

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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“…Fruit phenotype can be influenced by a number of preharvest environmental factors. For instance, fruit ontree location can influence ontogeny of many temperate tree fruits, including apple (de Bruyn and van Keulen, 1968;Farhoomand et al, 1977) making it an especially important consideration when evaluating cultivars or species in which visual estimation of maturity before harvesting is difficult. All of these factors emphasize the necessity of assuring proper replication is implemented for each trait to accurately account for variance resulting from the evaluation technique as well as biological variance among individuals from the same selection.…”

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confidence: 99%

Standardizing Postharvest Quality and Biochemical Phenotyping for Precise Population Comparison

Rudell¹

2010

horts

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Selection of plant material with desired traits from different populations can be difficult, if not impossible, when evaluation methods are not standardized. Discerning comparable fruit postharvest traits among populations is particularly problematic because techniques and reporting protocols are often unique or non-existent for those crucial to quality and storability. Moreover, difficulties evaluating postharvest traits may be exacerbated by the dynamic nature of fruit ripening, introducing error even into intrapopulation comparisons. With the advent of biochemical phenotyping of fruit quality, opportunities to standardize evaluation of these and other important fruit postharvest traits are materializing. Standardized trait evaluation among breeding programs and, most importantly, germplasm collections is expected to allow more precise comparison between populations, expediting integration of economically important fruit quality traits into new populations as well as facilitating marker discovery.

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Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear

1968

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Sweetness and acidity in apple and pear inherit independently and can be organoleptically evaluated separately, but less accurately in pear than in apple . For breeding purposes an analysis of fruits for acidity and sweetness with pH indicator paper and a hand refractometer is to be prefered to the organoleptic method .In apple, the acidity -decreasing with time -of the unripe fruit was already strongly indicative of that of the eating-ripe fruit ; sugar -increasing with time -not before the fruit was picking ripe . Sugar content in apple and pear, and the pH in pear, appeared to be normally distributed ; the pH in apple showed a segregation into an acid and a low-acid group, which occurred in both the unripe and ripe stage . The segregation ratio between these groups was found to be highly variable . On the whole, the mean acidity and sugar content of apple and pear progenies is significantly determined by that of the parents . Most of the observations made did not support the theory that low acidity in apple is determined by one recessive gene . The relationship between the pH of leaf juice and fruit juice in apple may offer a possibility for pre-selection .

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Determination of sugar and acid content in apple

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Influence of the ethylene‐related signal‐inhibiting octapeptide NOP‐1 on postharvest ripening and quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples

Influence of the ethylene‐related signal‐inhibiting octapeptide NOP‐1 on postharvest ripening and quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples

Standardizing Postharvest Quality and Biochemical Phenotyping for Precise Population Comparison

Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear

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