Determination of Sudan Dyes in Juice Samples via Solidification of Ionic Liquid in Microwave-Assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

Solidification of ionic liquid (SIL) has been applied in microwave-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction method for analyzing Sudan dyes in juice samples. 1-Ethy-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C 2 MIM][PF 6 ]) was selected as the extraction solvent due to its relatively high melting point. With the aid of microwave irradiation, the dyes could be easily extracted into ionic liquid phase without dispersive solvent. The solid microdroplet could be easily separated from liquid. Compared with traditional dispersive liquidliquid microextraction, this method will greatly simplify the collection procedure and shorten the operation time. Several experimental parameters, including the amount of ionic liquid, microwave power and irradiation time, pH of sample solution, and ionic strength, were systematically investigated and optimized. The limits of detection for Sudan I, II, III, and IV were 1.08, 1.30, 1.14, and 1.19 μg/L, respectively. The recoveries of the analytes ranged from 83.42 to 115.56 % and relative standard deviations were lower than 11.53 %, when the present method was applied to the analysis of real samples.

New approach applying a pet fish air pump in liquid‐phase microextraction for the determination of Sudan dyes in food samples by HPLC

“…C, the pH does not have much effect on the extraction efficiency. These data are in agreement with the literature . These results are obtained because all four dyes exist as neutral molecules under ordinary conditions and do not undergo noticeable dissociation or protonation in moderately acidic or basic media .…”

Rapid Determination of Sudan Dyes in chilli products using ultra high performance supercritical fluid chromatography-photodiode array detection

“…Recent commonly used methods include magnetic metal-organic frameworks (Shi et al, 2018;J. Zhang et al, 2013), liquid-liquid extraction (Long et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2015), cloud point extraction (Liu et al, 2007), liquid-liquid microextraction (Hu et al, 2016;Sun et al, 2011), and solidphase extraction (Deng et al, 2021;Z. Zhang et al, 2012).…”