Determination of reference physiological values for working donkeys of Ethiopia

Abstract

This study was undertaken with the aim of determining reference physiological values for working Ethiopian donkeys in four districts of Oromiya regional state by taking vital signs (body temperature, pulse and respiration rate) and gut sounds from a total of 130 apparently healthy donkeys. .16 for female and male donkeys, respectively. There was no statistically significant (p>0.05) difference in nostril movement, abdominal movement and tracheal sound between daytime (morning Vs noon), age group and sex. However, strong and positive correlation (r=0.80; p<0.000) was observed among the three sites of determining respiration. There was statistically significant difference (p<0.000) in gut sounds heard at the right para-lumbar fossa (RPF), left para-lumbar fossa (LPF) and lower flank regions (LFR) during the times of day: more frequent and stronger at noon than in the morning. There was also a significant difference (p<0.004) between young and old age groups in the value of RPF and LPF. The effect of age, sex and time of day on the references values should be taken into consideration in making physical clinical examination and interpreting physiological parameters.

Influence of reproductive cycle, sex, age and season on haematologic parameters in domestic animals: A review

“…Furthermore, also documented an increase in PCV with advancing age in cattle. This trend is also true for donkeys with increasing RBC, PCV, Hb and erythrocytic indices with advancing age (Terkawi et al, 2002;Etana et al, 2011). This finding is also corroborated by the observation in buffalo (Patil et al, 1992;Jabbar et al, 2012).…”

Some Haematological and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Apparently Clinically Healthy Hassawi Donkey

“…Veterinarians need the evaluation of haematological and serum biochemical parameters of animals to confirm clinical diagnosis, evaluate the severity of diseases and determine appropriate treatment . Reference values of healthy animals serve as a guide for the evaluation of findings obtained from diseased animals (Etana et al, 2011). For many donkey breeds, several haematological and biochemical parameters have been analysed in different studies.…”

Kırgızistan’da Barındırılan Evcil Eşeklerde (Equus asinus) Bazı Fizyolojik ve Hematolojik Değerler ile ANAE pozitif Lenfosit Oranının Belirlenmesi

“…In contrary, MCH values were founded higher in male groups than females in our study. Besides, MCV and MCH values were determined higher in older donkeys (above 15 years) in other studies [2,11] . MCHC values were determined same between male and female age groups in our study.…”

“…Determination of the normal physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters help evaluating the clinical prognosis of many animal diseases [1,2] . In addition, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) staining has been used as a useful tool to differentiate T and B lymphocytes and monocytes in some certain species including many animals and thought to be responsible for the cytotoxic effects of T lymphocytes [3,4] .…”