Determination of prostaglandin synthetase activity in rectal biopsy material and its significance in colonic disease.

Harris, D. W.; Smith, Paul; Swan, Caroline

doi:10.1136/gut.19.10.875

Cited by 77 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, these drugs are not always satisfactory in the therapy of this disease, even though they inhibit the inflammation during the treat ment period. Recently it has been suggested that products of the arachidonic acid cascade such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes and platelet activating factor play some role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases not only in experimental animals (21-26), but also in patients (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33). In the present study, we exam fined the role of prostaglandins and leukotrienes in the ulcerative colitis induced by NEM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

New Ulcerative Colitis Model Induced by Sulfhydryl Blockers in Rats and the Effects of Antiinflammatory Drugs on the Colitis.

Satoh¹,

Sato²,

Takami

et al. 1997

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

New Ulcerative Colitis Model Induced by Sulfhydryl Blockers in Rats and the Effects of Antiinflammatory Drugs on the Colitis.

Satoh¹,

Sato²,

Takami

et al. 1997

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…It is a relapsing inflammation of the intestine, with specific evidence for the predominant role of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme-derived metabolites prostaglandins (PGs) in the pathogenesis of IBD [5]. Biopsy studies of tissues of patients with active IBD were found to contain high levels of PGs [6][7][8]. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely prescribed for inflammatory episodes of overt conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggravation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Rats

Singh¹,

Patil²,

Jain³

et al. 2004

Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor in in-vivo dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-stimulated distal colon tissues of the rat. Longitudinal colon tissue sections from DSS-treated rats exhibited noticeable inflammation, altered contraction, increased myleoperoxidase activity, and oxidative stress. When the animals were pretreated with celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, the flare of the colon was further worsened in terms of all the parameters studied. There was a reduction in PGE₂ levels on chronic administration of celecoxib in DSS-treated animals. The results of the present study suggest that COX-2 enzyme and prostaglandins derived from COX-2 might play a defensive role in protecting ulceration of the colon akin to that seen in the upper gastrointestinal tract.

show abstract

“…Rectal biopsies from patients with active UC have been shown to have elevated levels of PGE 2 , PGI 2 , and PGF 2α (10,11). In UC and experimental colitis, the predominant source of PGs seems to be COX-2 (12,13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A pro-resolution mediator, prostaglandin D ₂ , is specifically up-regulated in individuals in long-term remission from ulcerative colitis

Vong

Ferraz

Panaccione

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) experience unpredictable bouts of active inflammation and ulceration. Relatively little attention has been paid to the role of antiinflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of UC, although rodent studies suggest an important role of prostaglandin (PG) D 2 in the resolution of tissue injury and inflammation. The present study was performed to determine if colonic PGD 2 synthesis was altered in patients in remission from UC and if expression of the key enzymes and receptors related to PGD 2 was altered. During routine colon-cancer screening, colonic biopsies were obtained from healthy individuals, some of whom had been in remission from UC, without treatment, for >4 y. UC patients with active disease or in medically induced remission were also biopsied. Only patients with active UC exhibited elevated expression of several proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IFNγ) and colonic PGE 2 synthesis. In contrast, colonic PGD 2 synthesis was only elevated (∼3-fold) in the healthy individuals with a prior history of UC. This group also exhibited significantly elevated expression of DP1, the key receptor mediating the antiinflammatory actions of PGD 2 . Expression of the synthetic enzymes cyclooxygenase-1, cyclooxygenase-2, and hematopoietic PGD synthase was not altered in the healthy individuals with a prior history of UC. These results show a marked up-regulation of synthesis of an antiinflammatory prostanoid and expression of its receptor, specifically in individuals in long-term remission from UC. This is consistent with animal studies showing the importance of PGD 2 in the induction and maintenance of remission from colitis.inflammation | inflammatory bowel disease | eicosanoid | colon cancer

show abstract

Determination of prostaglandin synthetase activity in rectal biopsy material and its significance in colonic disease.

Cited by 77 publications

References 12 publications

New Ulcerative Colitis Model Induced by Sulfhydryl Blockers in Rats and the Effects of Antiinflammatory Drugs on the Colitis.

New Ulcerative Colitis Model Induced by Sulfhydryl Blockers in Rats and the Effects of Antiinflammatory Drugs on the Colitis.

Aggravation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Rats

A pro-resolution mediator, prostaglandin D ₂ , is specifically up-regulated in individuals in long-term remission from ulcerative colitis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Determination of prostaglandin synthetase activity in rectal biopsy material and its significance in colonic disease.

Cited by 77 publications

References 12 publications

New Ulcerative Colitis Model Induced by Sulfhydryl Blockers in Rats and the Effects of Antiinflammatory Drugs on the Colitis.

New Ulcerative Colitis Model Induced by Sulfhydryl Blockers in Rats and the Effects of Antiinflammatory Drugs on the Colitis.

Aggravation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Rats

A pro-resolution mediator, prostaglandin D 2 , is specifically up-regulated in individuals in long-term remission from ulcerative colitis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A pro-resolution mediator, prostaglandin D ₂ , is specifically up-regulated in individuals in long-term remission from ulcerative colitis