Aggravation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Rats

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor in in-vivo dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-stimulated distal colon tissues of the rat. Longitudinal colon tissue sections from DSS-treated rats exhibited noticeable inflammation, altered contraction, increased myleoperoxidase activity, and oxidative stress. When the animals were pretreated with celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, the flare of the colon was further worsened in terms of all the parameters studied. There was a reduction in PGE₂ levels on chronic administration of celecoxib in DSS-treated animals. The results of the present study suggest that COX-2 enzyme and prostaglandins derived from COX-2 might play a defensive role in protecting ulceration of the colon akin to that seen in the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Curcumin inhibits trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis in rats by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

“…Some reports, including those of patients and animal experiments, indicated that selective COX-2 inhibitors exacerbated colitis [39][40][41], whereas others Fig. 6.…”

Effect of Sodium Alginate on Dextran Sulfate Sodium- and 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Experimental Colitis in Mice

“…Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) is a heparin-like polysaccharide that has been successfully used to induce colonic mucosal injury in mice [12,13,14]. DSS has been linked to direct epithelial cytotoxicity and interference with interactions between intestinal lymphocytes and epithelial cells [12].…”

Comparison of Prostaglandin E2 Receptor Subtype 4 Agonist and Sulfasalazine in Mouse Colitis Prevention and Treatment

“…Evidence shows that a low dose of DSS with a low dose of indomethacin induces severe pathological changes in colon resembling acute flares of human colitis with all of the classic symptoms seen in humans (Kabashima et al, 2002;Singh et al, 2004;Jiang et al, 2007;Okayama et al, 2007). This is a common reproducible colitis model for preclinical evaluation of new therapeutics.…”