Determination of platinum group elements in impact breccias using neutron activation analysis and ultrasonic nebulization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after anion exchange preconcentration

Dai, Xiongxin; Koeberl, Christian; Fröschl, Heinz

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)00902-3

Cited by 83 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The determination of PGEs in geological materials is difficult because of their low abundance and heterogeneous distributions and the complexity of sample preparation. Methods for dissolving geological samples and thereby for concentrating PGEs include nickel sulfide (NiS) fire assay coupled with Te coprecipitation (Jackson et al, 1990;Zhou et al, 2001;Gros et al, 2002;Juvonen et al, 2002;Sun and Sun, 2005), acid attack combined with Na 2 O 2 fusion (Morgan and Walker, 1989;Yi and Masuda, 1996;Dai et al, 2001;Qi et al, 2003Qi et al, , 2004, aqua regia dissolution in a sealed Carius tube, and high pressure asher (HPA-S) (Shirey and Walker, 1995;Cohen and Waters, 1996;Rehkämper et al, 1998;Pearson and Woodland, 2000;Brauns, 2001;Meisel et al, 2001Meisel et al, , 2003aMeisel et al, , 2003bPretorius et al, 2003;Meisel and Moser, 2004). The advantages and disadvan-bration between spikes and samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a technique for determining Re and PGEs in geological samples by ICP-MS coupled with a modified Carius tube digestion

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2007

Geochem. J.

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In the determination of Re and platinum group elements in geological samples, various techniques have been employed for digesting samples, including Carius tube, high-pressure asher (HPA-S), alkali fusion and nickel sulfide fire assay. The normal Carius tube technique is able to digest relatively small amount of sample and has a possible safety problem caused by a high internal pressure. This paper reports a modified Carius tube method which utilizes a sealed stainless steel high-pressure autoclave filled with water to prevent explosion of the tube. During heating, the external and internal pressures of the Carius tube increase simultaneously, such that the possible explosion of Carius tube can be avoided. Consequently, this technique allows a higher temperature (up to 330°C), a greater volume of aqua regia (up to 2/3 of the total volume of the Carius tube) and thus larger sample mass (12 g) relative to the normal Carius tube technique. Fairly good agreement were obtained for PGE poor mafic rocks (IPGE < 0.03 ng/g). The efficiency to dissolve ultramafic rocks and chromites at different temperatures was investigated. We demonstrate that this technique is more effective than normal Carius tube technique for ultramafic rocks and chromites containing refractory minerals and the detection limits and precision can be improved for PGE poor mafic samples. The total procedural blanks are lower than 0.003 ng for Os, 0.03 ng for Re, Ir, Ru and Rh and 0.4 ng for Pd and Pt.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a technique for determining Re and PGEs in geological samples by ICP-MS coupled with a modified Carius tube digestion

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2007

Geochem. J.

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“…For example, the sorbents after preconcentration are decomposed by dry ashing in a muffle furnace (400 -600˚C), and then the residues are dissolved with acids. 26,28,[133][134][135] The sorbent can be decomposed by wet ashing under boiling with a mixture of acids (HNO3, HClO4, H2SO4), and in some cases with the addition of H2O2. 136 The microwave decomposition of sorbents with acids in open and closed vessels has also been proposed.…”

Section: -118mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30,35,37,44,45,132,135,138,[160][161][162][163][164] Analyses of the features of instrumental techniques show that the use of selective sorbents is preferable for the development of efficient determinations of noble metals. Complexing sorbents ensure the quantitative recovery of noble metals, and the concentrates obtained are free from most impurities, which allows one to enhance the reliability and sensitivity of noble metal detection.…”

Section: ·2 Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Sorption Preconcentration Combined with Noble Metal Determination

2007

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Nowadays much attention is being paid to the determination of trace amounts of noble metals in geological, industrial, biological and environmental samples. The most promising techniques, such as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) are characterized by high sensitivity. However, the accurate determination of trace noble metals has been limited by numerous interferences generated from the presence of matrix elements. To decrease, or eliminate, these interferences, the sorption preconcentration of noble metals is often used prior to their instrumental detection. A great number of hyphenated methods of noble metal determination using sorption preconcentration have been developed. This review describes the basic types of available sorbents, preconcentration procedures and preparations of the sorbent to the subsequent determination of noble metals. The specific features of instrumental techniques and examples of ETAAS, FAAS, ICP-AES, ICP-MS determinations after the sorption preconcentration of noble metals are considered. The references cited here were selected mostly from the period 1996 -2006.

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“…137,138 Fusion with sodium peroxide was successfully used to decompose various geological samples containing ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium, platinum and gold. 135,[139][140][141][142] The detection of the metals by GFAAS or ICP-MS techniques has been preceded by separation with tellurium coprecipitation 135,141 or by anion-exchange chromatography. 139,140,142 The latter method requires a quantitative transformation of compounds occurring in alkaline media into defined, stable anionic chloro-746 ANALYTICAL SCIENCES JULY 2002, VOL.…”

Section: Oxidizing Fusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…139 The percolation of chlorine gas through the sample solution was applied to improve the conversion of PGM into chloro-complexes of high affinity to anionic resin. 142 Alkaline (Na2O2, NaOH) fusion has been used to digest copper-nickel concentrates prior to the determination of osmium. 143 The extraction separation of osmium prior to the detection by GFAAS has been applied.…”

Section: Oxidizing Fusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sample Digestion Methods for the Determination of Traces of Precious Metals by Spectrometric Techniques

Balcerzak

2002

ANAL. SCI.

163

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Recent advances in digestion methods used in the analysis of precious metal samples by spectrometric techniques are reviewed. The applicability of a fire assay, a wet acid treatment, chlorination and alkaline oxidizing fusion to a quantitative recovery of metals from various materials is discussed. Data on the precious metal contents obtained by using particular digestion methods as well as UV-VIS spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the examination of various samples are tabulated.

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Determination of platinum group elements in impact breccias using neutron activation analysis and ultrasonic nebulization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after anion exchange preconcentration

Cited by 83 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluation of a technique for determining Re and PGEs in geological samples by ICP-MS coupled with a modified Carius tube digestion

Evaluation of a technique for determining Re and PGEs in geological samples by ICP-MS coupled with a modified Carius tube digestion

Trends in Sorption Preconcentration Combined with Noble Metal Determination

Sample Digestion Methods for the Determination of Traces of Precious Metals by Spectrometric Techniques

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