Determination of phytosterols in <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. cultivars by liquid chromatography atmospheric chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LC-APCI-TOF-MS) coupled with a modified QuEChERS method

Abstract

Development of analytical methods for the determination of phytosterols in whole grains is one of growing interests due to their clinical and nutritional functions in human. In this study, we examined simultaneous determination of β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol in Korean rice cultivars by liquid chromatography atmospheric chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LC-APCI-TOF-MS). The hulled rice samples were extracted using a modified QuE-ChERS and analyzed by LC-APCI-TOF-MS. The method was validated by low limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values and high recovery values with low relative standard deviation (RSD). The highest concentration of sitosterol was detected in Hwasung and Undu rice cultivars, exhibiting approximately 195.5 and 191.7 mg/Kg, respectively. Stigmasterol and campesterol were detected at the highest level in Hwasung rice cultivar, giving the concentrations of approximately 70.0 and 53.9 mg/Kg, respectively. Sitosterol was determined to be a main phytosterol detected in the rice samples. Our data demonstrated that LC/APCI-TOF-MS coupled with QuEChERS method can be used as a simple tool for the determination of phytosterols in rice samples.

Majoritary triterpenic compounds in some angiosperms of the central region of Rio Grande do Sul state

“…Betulic acid Antiviral, acts against the growth of parasites, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, inhibits the growth of cancer cells (PAI et al, 2011, antimicrobial, antioxidant (MORE et al, 2012, hepatoprotective (DONFACK et al, 2010) Gastroprotector (QUÍLEZ et al, 2010), analgesic (SAEIDNIA et al, 2014), anthelmintic, antimutagenic (SAEIDNIA et al,. 2014VILLASEÑOR et al, 2002) , antimicrobial (SANTOS; MORENO, 2004) antitumoral (LEE et al, 2012 and anti-inflammatory (SAEIDNIA et al, 2014;.…”

Mass Spectrometric Approaches for the Analysis of Phytosterols in Biological Samples

“…In addition to vegetable oils, phytosterols are analyzed in plant samples such as rice, sea weed, and cereals (oat, sesame seed, corn, peanuts) using APCI in positive ionization 45,107,110,111 . The formation of [M+H-H2O] + ion is predominant although [M+H-2H] + and [M+H-4H] + has also been observed, albeit in low intensity 112 .…”

“…Phytosterols were confirmed by comparing the retention times and MS/MS to that of standards. Similarly, Stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, and campesterol were identified and quantified in seven Oryza sativa L. rice cultivars using 5α-cholestan-3β-ol as internal standard and although their concentrations were found to vary depending on the rice cultivar, sitosterol was always the major component 45 . SIM mode was employed in the analysis of phytosterols present in oats and sesame seeds 107 .…”

“…Different strategies of analysis of phytosterols have been explored with gas chromatography and liquid chromatography being the mainly applied techniques [43][44][45][46] . Other analytical strategies, such as capillary electro-chromatography (CEC) have also been used but its application have received limited interest 47,48 .…”

Genome-Wide Association Study for Squalene Contents and Functional Haplotype Analysis in Rice

“…21,22 Phytosterols in cultivated rice were found to possess the highest concentration of sitosterol, whereas stigmasterol and campesterol were detected at lower levels. 23 According to Kumar et al, 24 β-sitosterol was found in N22 (drought tolerant) rice seedlings.…”