Determination of phytic acid in feeds and faeces of pigs and poultry by capillary isotachophoresis

̆ková, Dagmar Dus; Marounek, M.; ̆ezina, Pavel Br

doi:10.1002/1097-0010(20010101)81:1<36::aid-jsfa776>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The β-glucan levels in all DDGS samples were extremely low, making them suitable for use in feeds for all animals, including ruminants and monogastric animals that cannot tolerate high levels of β-glucans, such as poultry. The phytic acid levels in all of the DDGS were also low and were below the reported values for some animal feeds, which are 8.85, 10.80, and 9.02 mg/g dry matter for pigs, sow, and hen feeds, respectively [18].…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 66%

Scale-up of Ethanol Production from Winter Barley by the EDGE (Enhanced Dry Grind Enzymatic) Process in Fermentors up to 300 l

Nghiem

Taylor

Johnston

et al. 2011

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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A fermentation process, which was designated the enhanced dry grind enzymatic (EDGE) process, has recently been developed for barley ethanol production. In the EDGE process, in addition to the enzymes normally required for starch hydrolysis, commercial β-glucanases were used to hydrolyze (1,3)(1,4)-β-D: -glucans to smaller molecules, thus reducing the viscosity of the mash to levels sufficiently low to allow transport and mixing in commercial equipment. Another enzyme, a developmental β-glucosidase, then was used to hydrolyze the resulting oligomers to glucose, which subsequently was fermented to produce additional ethanol. The EDGE process was developed with Thoroughbred, a winter hulled barley, using a shake flask model. To move toward commercialization, it is necessary to prove that the developed process would be applicable to other barley varieties and also to demonstrate its scalability. Experiments were performed in 7.5, 70, and 300-l fermentors using Thoroughbred and Eve, a winter hull-less barley. It was shown that the process was scalable for both barley varieties. Low levels of glucose throughout the course of the fermentations demonstrated the high efficiency of the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process. Final ethanol concentrations of 14% (v/v) were achieved for initial total solids of 28.5-30% (w/w), which gave an ethanol yield of 83-87% of the theoretical values. The distillers dried grains with solubles co-products contained very low levels of β-glucans and thus were suitable for use in feed formulations for all animal species.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 66%

Scale-up of Ethanol Production from Winter Barley by the EDGE (Enhanced Dry Grind Enzymatic) Process in Fermentors up to 300 l

Nghiem

Taylor

Johnston

et al. 2011

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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“…One safe, non-toxic alternative is phytic acid 5 , the structure of which is shown in Figure 5. Phytic acid 5 is a naturally occurring polyphosphate ester of inositol and is an important storage form of phosphorus in plant tissues [29]. Several research groups have taken advantage of this compound as a natural FR additive.…”

Section: Bio-based Fr Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Bio-Based Flame Retardant Additives for Synthetic Polymeric Materials

Hobbs

2019

Polymers

125

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It would be difficult to imagine how modern life across the globe would operate in the absence of synthetic polymers. Although these materials (mostly in the form of plastics) have revolutionized our daily lives, there are consequences to their use, one of these being their high levels of flammability. For this reason, research into the development of flame retardant (FR) additives for these materials is of tremendous importance. However, many of the FRs prepared are problematic due to their negative impacts on human health and the environment. Furthermore, their preparations are neither green nor sustainable since they require typical organic synthetic processes that rely on fossil fuels. Because of this, the need to develop more sustainable and non-toxic options is vital. Many research groups have turned their attention to preparing new bio-based FR additives for synthetic polymers. This review explores some of the recent examples made in this field.

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“…The protein and NDF contents of the barley DDGS are both slightly lower than those in corn DDGS, which are reported as 30.92 and 44.73%, respectively [33], but still are at levels suitable for use in animal feeds. The phytic acid content was 1.60% or 16 g/kg dry matter, which is considerably higher than the values reported for some animal feeds, which are 8.85, 10.80 and 9.02 mg/g dry matter for pigs, sows and hen feeds, respectively [34]. However, since DDGS always make up just a fraction of an animal feed ration, this level may be acceptable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Production of ethanol from winter barley by the EDGE (enhanced dry grind enzymatic) process

Nghiem

Hicks

Johnston

et al. 2010

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundUS legislation requires the use of advanced biofuels to be made from non-food feedstocks. However, commercialization of lignocellulosic ethanol technology is more complex than expected and is therefore running behind schedule. This is creating a demand for non-food, but more easily converted, starch-based feedstocks other than corn that can fill the gap until the second generation technologies are commercially viable. Winter barley is such a feedstock but its mash has very high viscosity due to its high content of β-glucans. This fact, along with a lower starch content than corn, makes ethanol production at the commercial scale a real challenge.ResultsA new fermentation process for ethanol production from Thoroughbred, a winter barley variety with a high starch content, was developed. The new process was designated the EDGE (enhanced dry grind enzymatic) process. In this process, in addition to the normal starch-converting enzymes, two accessory enzymes were used to solve the β-glucan problem. First, β-glucanases were used to hydrolyze the β-glucans to oligomeric fractions, thus significantly reducing the viscosity to allow good mixing for the distribution of the yeast and nutrients. Next, β-glucosidase was used to complete the β-glucan hydrolysis and to generate glucose, which was subsequently fermented in order to produce additional ethanol. While β-glucanases have been previously used to improve barley ethanol production by lowering viscosity, this is the first full report on the benefits of adding β-glucosidases to increase the ethanol yield.ConclusionsIn the EDGE process, 30% of total dry solids could be used to produce 15% v/v ethanol. Under optimum conditions an ethanol yield of 402 L/MT (dry basis) or 2.17 gallons/53 lb bushel of barley with 15% moisture was achieved. The distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) co-product had extremely low β-glucan (below 0.2%) making it suitable for use in both ruminant and mono-gastric animal feeds.

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Determination of phytic acid in feeds and faeces of pigs and poultry by capillary isotachophoresis

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Scale-up of Ethanol Production from Winter Barley by the EDGE (Enhanced Dry Grind Enzymatic) Process in Fermentors up to 300 l

Scale-up of Ethanol Production from Winter Barley by the EDGE (Enhanced Dry Grind Enzymatic) Process in Fermentors up to 300 l

Recent Advances in Bio-Based Flame Retardant Additives for Synthetic Polymeric Materials

Production of ethanol from winter barley by the EDGE (enhanced dry grind enzymatic) process

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