Determination of paracetamol in pharmaceutical samples by spectrophotometric method

Abstract

<jats:p>It is described the use of 1,3 dinitrobenzene or 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine is used as coupling agent for the spectrophotometric determination of paracetamol. This method is easy and simple based on the reaction of acid hydrolysis of paracetamol to produce p-aminophenol, which in turn reacts with nitrite in acidic standard to form diazonium ion, which is coupled with coupling agent in basic standard to produce azo dyes. The formed dyes follow Beer’s law in the range of 0.8-20.5 mg mL-1 of paracetamol with 1, 3 dinitrobenzene or 0.5-18.4 mg mL-1 of paracetamol with 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine with absorption maxima at 429 nm or 430 nm. The molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity of paracetamol with 1,3 dinitrobenzene or paracetamol with 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine azo dyes were 1.965×104 L mol-1 cm-1 or 2.776×104 L mol-1 cm-1, and 7.692×10-3 mg cm-2 or 5.698×10-3 mg cm-3 respectively. The dyes formed are stable for more than 12 h. The optimal reaction circumstances and other analytical parameters are evaluated. Interference due to foreign organic compounds have been studied. The method has been effectively applied to the determination of paracetamol in pharmaceutical samples.</jats:p>

The Potential Effect of Conferment Jamu “Pegal Linu” to Pharmacokinetics of Paracetamol in Wistar Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.)

“…The supernatant was added with HCl to hydrolyze the secondary amine group into the primary aromatic amine in paracetamol. The group will react with NaNO 2 to form a diazonium salt [15]. The addition of sulfamic acid aims to provide an intense acid atmosphere in the diazotation reaction consequently, the diazonium salt can be formed completely [16].…”

Validated HPLC–PDA methodology utilized for simultaneous determination of Etoricoxib and Paracetamol in the presence of Paracetamol toxic impurities

“…Several methods, like HPLC [ 16 – 26 ], HPTLC [ 27 ], spectrophotometric [ 28 – 31 ], chemmometric method [ 32 – 34 ], and electrochemical methods [ 35 – 38 ], have been reported for the assay of PCM. Several methods have been reported for the assay of ETO, including HPLC methods [ 39 – 44 ], HPTLC [ 45 ], spectrophotometric method [ 46 ], LC–MS/MS method [ 47 ], and ion-selective electrode method [ 48 ].…”

Method Validation for Determination of Paracetamol in Tablet Dosage Form Using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer

“…Although paracetamol is safe for humans at a recommended dose (adults can take up to 4,000 mg per day in a single dose of 1,000 mg), high levels of paracetamol damage the liver and kidney, in addition to that, cause asthma and eczema in children under the age of one year (Daly et al, 2008;Behera et al, 2012). Paracetamol is used to treat severe pain, such as cancer discomfort and postoperative pain, in conjunction with opioid painkillers (Pasha, 2020) . Paracetamol has a very specific impact in the brain, blocking an enzyme that is involved in the transmission of pain.…”

“…Although it provides systemic pain relief, it was known that its mode of action was different from that of other painkillers (Dixit and Patel 2014). It is on the WHO's List of Essential Medicines, which has the best and safest medicines a health care system (Pasha, 2020).…”