Determination of oxide synthetase and hydratase activities by a new highly sensitive gas chromatographic method using styrene and styrene oxide as substrates

Bogaert, M. Duverger-van; Noël, Gaëtane; Rollman, B.; Cumps, Jean; Roberfroid, Marcel; Mercier, Michel

doi:10.1016/0005-2744(78)90291-7

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Each blood sample (2 ml) was extracted with hexane ( fig 1, step 1) and ethyl acetate (fig 1, step 2) in sequence to remove styrene oxide and styrene glycol, respectively. Allylbenzene glycol [synthesized according to Duverger-van Bogaert et a1 (12)] was added as the internal standard to the hexane extracts and to the remaining aqueous phase. Acidification converted styrene oxide to styrene glycol (fig 1, step 4), which was derivatized with pentafluorobenzoyl chloride (Aldrich, 98 %) and analyzed by a gas chromatographic technique based on electron capture detection (1.5 % SE-30 on Chromosorb GAW-DMCS, 2.0 m, 125"C, nitrogen flow 60 mllmin, Carlo Erba FTV 2350) (12).…”

Section: Subjects Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Allylbenzene glycol [synthesized according to Duverger-van Bogaert et a1 (12)] was added as the internal standard to the hexane extracts and to the remaining aqueous phase. Acidification converted styrene oxide to styrene glycol (fig 1, step 4), which was derivatized with pentafluorobenzoyl chloride (Aldrich, 98 %) and analyzed by a gas chromatographic technique based on electron capture detection (1.5 % SE-30 on Chromosorb GAW-DMCS, 2.0 m, 125"C, nitrogen flow 60 mllmin, Carlo Erba FTV 2350) (12). The peak areas of derivatized styrene glycol and allylbenzene glycol were integrated (Varian Vista 401 Chromatography Data System).…”

Section: Subjects Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure to styrene. Uptake, distribution, metabolism and elimination in man.

Wigaeus¹,

Löf²,

Bjurström³

et al. 1983

Scand J Work Environ Health

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WIGAEUS E, LOF A, BJURSTROM R, BYFALT NORDQVIST M. Exposure to styrene: Uptake, distribution, metabolism and elimination in man. Scand j work environ health 9 (1983) 479-488. Eight male subjects were exposed for 2 h to about 2.88 mmol/m3 (300 mg/m3) of styrene vapor during light physical exercise. The uptake of styrene averaged 4.4 mmol, or 68 % of the amount supplied. The arterial blood concentration of styrene reached a relatively stable level of about 20 pmol/l after 75 min of exposure. The calculated value of blood clearance was 1.7 (SD 0.3) l/min, and the extraction ratio about 0.2. The half-time for the elimination phase was 41 (SD 7) min, and the calculated volume of distribution 99 (SD 13) 1. The concentration of styrene in the subcutaneous adipose tissue was about 50 pmol/kg 30-90 min after exposure. The concentration of nonconjugated styrene glycol in blood increased linearly during exposure and was about 15 % of the styrene concentration in blood at the end of exposure. It was eliminated with a halftime of 72 (SD 13) min. Within 28 h after exposure 58 % of the total uptake of styrene was recovered in the urine as mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acid. Their excretion halftimes (0-20 h) were 3.6 (SD 0.4) and 8.8 (SD 1.3) h, respectively. Styrene-7,8-oxide was detected and quantified in blood in a complementary study.

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Section: Subjects Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjects Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to styrene. Uptake, distribution, metabolism and elimination in man.

Wigaeus¹,

Löf²,

Bjurström³

et al. 1983

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…Styrene-7,8-oxide is a good substrate for the enzyme epoxide hydratase, which converts it into styrene glycol, the affinity being much higher than that of the monooxygenase system in rat liver microsomes (3, 13). At higher doses the conjugation of styrene glycol with P-glucuronic acid (or sulfate) seemed to approach saturation, and the socalled polar metabolites were not formed at the same rate.…”

Section: (29)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Allylbenzene glycol was added as the internal standard before and after the cleavage of conjugates by P-glucuronidase (13).…”

Section: Radioactively Labeled 7-[14c]-styrene (The Radiochemicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue distribution of styrene, styrene glycol and more polar styrene metabolites in the mouse.

Löf¹,

Gullstrand²,

Nordqvist³

1983

Scand J Work Environ Health

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LOF A, GULLSTRAND E, BYFALT NORDQVIST M. Tissue distribution of styrene, styrene glycol and more polar styrene metabolites in the mouse. Scand j work environ health 9 (1983) 419-430. A primary objective of the present investigation was to detennine the tissue distribution of styrene, styrene glycol, and more polar metabolites in mice at different times (0.5-5 h) after the intraperitoneal administration of styrene (3.3 mmoll kg). Another aim was to determine the dose dependence of the metabolite pattern of styrene in the different tissues. The dose range chosen was 1.1-4.9 mmol of styrenelkg administered intraperitoneally, and the time delay 2 h after dosing. The highest initial concentrations of unchanged styrene were found in adipose tissue, pancreas, liver, and brain. Styrene glycol reached its maximum concentration within 1 h in most tissues. The levels in the kidneys, lungs, pancreas, and liver far exceeded those in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Only in the liver and kidneys was a notable amount of styrene glycol conjugated. Polar metabolites occurred to a considerable extent in the liver, kidneys, lungs, and plasma. The concentration of unmetabolized styrene seemed to increase exponentially with the dose in subcutaneous adipose tissue, liver, kidneys, lungs, and brain. No tendency towards a decreased relative occurrence of styrene glycol was observed at higher doses. However, when the dose was increased, the more polar metabolites occurred at relatively lower levels in all tissues except brain.

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“…(22), was a gift from Dr A LOf (National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna, Sweden). Pentafluorophenyl isothiocyanate (PFPITC) (purum) and pentafluorobenzoyl chloride (puri ss) were obtained from Fluka AG, Buchs, Switzerland.…”

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confidence: 99%