Determination of muramic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography-plasma spray mass spectrometry

Elmroth, Ingrid; Larsson, Lennart; Westerdahl, Gunilla; Odham, Göran

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(92)85112-7

Cited by 7 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Dioctylmethylamine was from Fluka (Ronkonkoma, NY). 13 CO 2 -Labeled blue-green algae, used as a source of [ 13 C]MA (universally labeled [ 13 C]muramic acid, the internal standard), was obtained from Isotec (Miamisburg, OH). Surface dust was collected from a barn in Blackville, SC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lyophilized dust and fungal samples were hydrolyzed in 2 N H 2 SO 4 for 3 h at 100 °C. 13 CO 2 -Labeled blue-green algae were hydrolyzed in a similar manner, and 500 µg aliquots were added to the dust and fungal hydrolysates as internal standard. The algae contained Briefly, the SCX extraction columns were conditioned with three column volumes of methanol, three column volumes of water, and six column volumes of 4 N HCl and washed with six column volumes of deionized water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This would simplify sample handling while also substantially shortening analysis time. Previous studies have shown that MA could be detected in bacterial cell hydrolysates by ES/MS/MS 2 and by LC plasma spray 13 using analytical-scale LC columns (4 mm i.d.). The samples examined in the aforementioned studies 2, 13 The analysis of mixtures of sugars and complex matrices has generally required the use of both chromatographic and MS/MS 14 (tandem MS) methods to ensure high selectivity, specificity, and sensitivity.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The complexity of the dust matrix necessitated the use of off-line sample cleanup in addition to on-line LC for reliable determination of low levels of MA. 13 C-Labeled MA was used as internal standard for quantitation and to account for potential matrix interferences with MA determination. MS/MS was used for positive identification of trace levels of MA in the dust hydrolysates with a complex matrix.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Trace Detection of Underivatized Muramic Acid in Environmental Dust Samples by Microcolumn Liquid Chromatography−Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry

1997

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Muramic acid (MA) is a universal chemical marker for bacterial cell wall polymers (peptidoglycan) present in complex environmental, industrial, and clinical matrices. Trace analysis of MA has been limited to a handful of laboratories because of the lengthy nature of derivatization procedures necessary for GC/MS and GC/MS/MS. The focus of the current report concerns environmental analysis (organic dust) using LC/MS/MS of native MA. Dust was heated in sulfuric acid to release MA from cell wall polymers. Acid was removed by extraction with an organic base. The samples were passed through a hydrophobic C-18 extraction column to remove nonpolar contaminants. This was followed by binding of MA to a strong cation-exchange extraction column to eliminate neutral and anionic components of the sample. MA was then eluted with hydrochloric acid, which was removed by evaporation. Analysis was done by microscale LC ES/MS/MS using a custom-made Lichrosphere-diol capillary column. 13C-Labeled MA was used as an internal standard. Total sample preparation takes approximately 12 h. The simplicity of the sample preparation may eventually allow MA analysis to be used in a host of applications, including air monitoring for biocontamination. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of microscale LC ES/MS/MS analysis for MA (or, indeed, any other sugar monomer) in a complex matrix.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Trace Detection of Underivatized Muramic Acid in Environmental Dust Samples by Microcolumn Liquid Chromatography−Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry

1997

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“…Muramic acid constitutes about 10 -20% of peptidoglycan mass (Wang et al 1997). Analytical methodologies using HPLC and GC/MS have been developed to quantify muramic acid in settled dust and air samples as a surrogate marker of peptidoglycan (Elmroth et al 1992, Elmroth & Larsson 1993. GC/MS offers more specificity and sensitivity and has been more successful in detecting muramic acid in air samples.…”

Section: Muramic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%