Determination of Metal (Cu, Zn, Se, Cr and Cd) Levels in Tissues of the Cyprinid Fish, Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843) from Different Regions of Keban Dam Lake (Euphrates-Turkey)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Chromium (Cr) and Cadmium (Cd) concentrations in liver, muscle, gills and kidney tissues of Capoeta trutta collected from four sites of Keban Dam Lake, Turkey. The highest heavy metal level in all tissues was for Zn, while Cd was the lowest. The lowest heavy metal levels were generally found at Station 4 (Agin) for all tissues (p < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences among stations for Cu, Zn, Cr and Se in gills; for Cu, Zn, Se and Cr in liver and kidney; and Cu, Zn and Cr in muscle (p < 0.05). Cadmium concentrations did not differ between sites for any of the tissues. Turkish Food Codex sets the maximum limits of Zn, Cu and Cd as, 50, 20 and 0.05 mg kg(-1) dry weight, respectively, in the muscle of fish used for human consumption. In our study, the level of Zn was higher than Turkish permissible limits only at Station 3 (Guluskur). Cadmium levels were much higher than permissible limits at three stations [S1 (Pertek), S2 (Kockale) and S3], whereas Cu levels were within permissible limits in all stations.

Assessment of Trace Elements in Tissues of Fish Species: Multivariate Study and Safety Evaluation

“…Several studies have reported Cd levels in muscle tissue. 30,33 Cd levels found in the liver were also comparable with previously reported findings from fish native to Turkish seas 33 and Danube River, Serbia. 9 In other studies of Brazilian fish, the Cd concentrations in muscle tissue ranged from < 0.003 to 0.047 mg kg -1 and 0.014 to 0.123 mg kg -1 .…”

“…28 The Cr concentrations for the two sampling periods ranged from 0.38- Selenium is an essential micronutrient that is vital to biological systems in small amounts, but there is a narrow exposure range between the essential dose and toxicity in fish. 30 The measured levels of Se ranged from 0. ).…”

Selenium bioaccumulation in eutrophic lake – Dąbie Małe Lake, Poland

“…However, for the same species of fish harvested in another lake, the same authors found the concentration of this element to be almost twice as high (0.430 ± 0.120 µg g −1 w.w.). Also Danabas & Ural () observed a much higher content of Se in the muscles of Capoeta trutta harvested in Keban Dam Lake, Turkey.…”

“…These results are about two times lower than those reported by Felton et al . () in the liver of Oncorhynchus kisutch harvested in Puget Sound or its estuaries (USA), and several times lower than Se concentrations in the liver of Capoeta trutta from Keban Dam Lake, Turkey (Danabas & Ural ). Also hepatic Se concentration in Salmo trutta from Lake Mjøsa and Lake Losna (Norway) was much higher than our findings at 5.920 ± 5.100 and 13.92 ± 9.720 µg g −1 w.w., respectively (Mulder et al .…”

Differences in the Synergic Accumulation of Toxic Elements in Pelagic and Benthic Fish from Glacier-Fed Rivers of the Dzungarian Alatau

“…Pollutants are carried through the blood stream, stored in the liver, excreted by gills or kidneys, or stored in muscles and fat tissues. Some metal pollutants are highly toxic to fish (Danabas, Ural, 2012). Understanding the metal distribution in fish tissues is important as different fish species living in different habitats have developed variable thresholds for adaptation to ambient waterborne chemicals during their long evolutionary history.…”