Determination of Melamine in Dairy Products, Fish Feed, and Fish by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis with Diode Array Detection

Abstract

This paper describes an approach to determine melamine (MEL) in liquid milk, yogurt, whole milk powder, fish feed, and fish at residue levels using capillary zone electrophoresis with diode array detection (CZE-DAD) for the first time. Suspicious samples were extracted with 1% trichloroacetic acid while 1 mL of chloroform was used to precipitate fat in the real samples. After centrifuging and filtering, the extract was analyzed by CZE-DAD directly. By investigating the variables of extraction, separation, and detection in detail, the entire analytical procedure including sample preparation could be completed within 30 min. The limits of detection and quantitation for MEL were found to be 0.01 and 0.05 microg mL(-1), respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the analysis of MEL in dairy products, fish feed, and fish with total recoveries ranging from 93 to 104%.

Investigation of melamine presence in canned tuna fish by capillary zone electrophoresis method

“…On the other hand, low level impurities which caused by the sample structure or presence of melamine under the detection limit, increase the recovery of methods. Similar to our study, other researchers (Yan et al 2009;Wen et al 2010;Gong et al 2013) determined the recovery range of melamine in various foods as 93-104%, 94.5-103.7% and 96-103%, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were determined as 0.21 mg kg -1 and 0.68 mg kg -1 , respectively.…”

“…In the present study, melamine was not detected in canned tuna fish samples. Yan et al (2009) similarly do not report presence of melamine in fish samples in a relevant study. Zhang et al (2014) developed rapid, sensitive and efficient method to determine the melamine in fish, shrimp, clam and winkle by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in Guangzhou, China.…”

“…The extraction and determination procedures for analysis of melamine were based on the method described by Yan et al (2009). The melamine was analysed by capillary zone electrophoresis method (Agilent HP 3D CE Technologies, USA) using diode array detector.…”

Simultaneous determination of melamine and related compounds by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–electrospray mass spectrometry

“…Various techniques including HPLC-UV [10][11][12] or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)-UV [13], HPLC-MS [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], GC-MS [24][25][26], desorption ionization MS [27], CE [28][29][30], electrochemical method [31], etc., have been used to detect melamine or cyanuric acid. For the simultaneous determination of melamine and cyanuric acid, HPLC-MS [32] and MALDI-MS [33] were employed.…”

Determination of Melamine in Quail Egg and Milk with Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

“…coupled with kinds of detectors, such as ultra-violet detector [10] [11], diode array detector [12], electrical chemical detector [13] and mass spectrum [4]- [8] etc., had been selected and applied to determine MEL in milk and related products [4] [7]- [9] [13], infant formula [10] [11], pet food [5] [12] to name a few. Among these methods, sample treatment steps seemed to be one of the crucial factors to maintain better separation.…”